Types of Learning 1. Non-associative learning - refers to "a relatively permanent change in the strength of response to a single stimulus due to repeated exposure to that stimulus. Changes due to such factors as sensory adaptation‚ fatigue‚ or injury do not qualify as non-associative learning." Non-associative learning can be divided into habituation and sensitization. ++ Habituation ++ -is a decrease in behavioral responsiveness that occurs when a stimulus is repeated frequently
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Types of Buckling Engineering is one discipline that is based on several different phenomenon and concepts. Each concept in engineering is as important as other and they all work together to give rise to some new techniques. One phenomenon that is extremely beneficial and widely used in engineering and science is buckling. Buckling is nothing but a phenomenon of mathematical instability‚ which leads to a special failure mode. When a system in equilibrium is subjected to additional load‚ it buckles
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w w w e tr .X m eP UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS GCE Advanced Subsidiary Level and GCE Advanced Level e ap .c rs om MARK SCHEME for the October/November 2007 question paper 9708 ECONOMICS 9708/02 Paper 2 (Data Response and Essay (Core))‚ maximum raw mark 40 This mark scheme is published as an aid to teachers and candidates‚ to indicate the requirements of the examination. It shows the basis on which Examiners were instructed to award marks. It does not indicate
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problems‚ etc. Under this system‚ a shareholder believes that the executives are representing their best interests and doing everything they can to generate wealth and grow the firm. However‚ since the shareholders are not involved in every minor decision taken within the company‚ it gives the executives the edge to get away with ignoring shareholders’ interests or even fraud in extreme cases. Again this may take a number of years for the shareholders to identify. Also in this system‚ it is understood that
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1. Voidable Contract: An agreement which is enforceable by law at the option of one or more of the parties thereto‚ but not at the option of the other or others‚ is a voidable contract. A contract is voidable when one of the parties to the contract has not exercised his free consent. One of the essential elements of a formation of a contract for example‚ free consent‚ is absent. All voidable contracts are those which are induced by coercion fraud or misrepresentation. The person whose consent is
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Economics Reviewer (For IV- Understanding ONLY) Market – the medium in which buyers and sellers interact. (Note: its meaning is not limited to a location or geographical area‚ it also focuses on people who are WILLING and ABLE to buy and/or sell goods and services. Two major players/actors in the market: Buyers & Sellers Market Equilibrium: when buyers and sellers agree at a certain price and quantity to transact Price Equilibrium: price agreed by both buyers and sellers. Quantity Equilibrium:
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TYPES OF INVESTMENT FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT: Foreign direct investment includes "mergers and acquisitions‚ building new facilities‚ reinvesting profits earned from overseas operations and intra company loans. Foreign direct investment refers just to build new facilities. FDI is defined as the net inflows of investment to acquire a lasting management interest in an enterprise operating in an economy other than that of the investor. FDI is the sum of equity
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LAW in general means any rule of action and includes any standard or pattern to which actions are or ought to be confirmed. In its judicial sense‚ ‘law’ means a body of rules of conduct‚ action or behavior of persons‚ made and enforced by the State. It expresses a rule of human action. In the present age law pervades all the spheres of human activities and the State seeks to regulate them through the instrumentality of law. The law therefore‚ has to play a positive role in regulating human conduct
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TYPES OF MONEY: 1. Commodity Money: Whenever any commodity is used for the exchange purpose‚ the commodity becomes equivalent to the money and is called commodity money. There are certain types of commodity‚ which are used as the commodity money. Among these‚ there are several precious metals like gold‚ silver‚ copper and many more. Again‚ in many parts of the world‚ seashells (also known as cowrie shells)‚ tobacco and many other items were in use as a type of money & medium of exchange
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Leontief paradox challenge the overall applicability of the factor-endowment model. According to Staffan Linder‚ there are two explanations of international trade patterns—one for manufacturers and another for primary (agricultural) goods. Tariff Types The theory developed by Heckscher-Ohlin of comparative advantage was produced as an alternative to the Ricardian model. Heckscher-Ohlin and the Ricardian model both contained the same idea to eliminate the labor theory of value with the incorporation
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