13 PRINCIPLES OF STERILE TECHNIQUE 1. ONLY STERILE ITEMS ARE USED WITHIN THE STERILE FIELD. Some items such as linens‚ sponges‚ or basins may be obtained from stock supply of sterile packages. Others‚ such as instruments‚ may be sterilized immediately proceeding the operation and removed directly from the sterilizer to the sterile tables. Every person who dispenses a sterile article must be sure of its sterility and of its sterile until used. Proper packaging‚ sterilizing‚ and handling should
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February 26‚ 2010 Bioremediation I. Introduction A. Biotechnology is a scientific field that finds uses of microorganisms for agricultural‚ medical‚ industrial and technological purposes. The field of biotechnology growing at an exponential rate and branches off into several categories. B. Bioremediation is a subcategory of biotechnology that involves microorganisms and the environment. Although bioremediation is primarily established my man‚ it is a fairly natural process using microbes
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sludge and trickling filter. Activated sludge through the aeration of the mixture of microorganisms‚ which are also referred to as biological sludge‚ and wastewater. The microorganisms are subjected under an environment that facilitates their growth (Neary‚ 2009).The wastewater is continuously run into the aeration tank so that the provision of oxygen is enabled. Through the provision of oxygen‚ the microorganisms are in a position to break down the pollutants that are organic. In the end‚ the activated
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However‚ using the staining methods‚ specific bacterial morphologies were identified. For example‚ at 100x‚ a direct stain of yeast returned a cluster of cocci. A stain is a chemical that adheres to structures of the microorganism and in effect dyes the microorganism so the microorganism can be easily seen under a microscope. Stains used in microbiology are either basic (direct) or acidic (indirect). Basic dyes are used for positive or direct staining
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it would be in places like Texas‚ Louisiana‚ Oklahoma‚ Mississippi‚ and South Dakota. Research showed that microorganisms caused both fermentation and disease. This supported the germ theory of disease. Also‚ this leads him to the vaccine for cholera. He continued his study of fermentation. He invented and patented to fight the “disease” of wine. He found that the unwanted microorganisms in wine can be destroyed by heat. A year later‚ Louis Pasteur found a vaccine for rabies in 1882. Rabies is
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GRA 111 CHAPTER 1 The Invention of Writing Cave painting from Lascaux‚ c. 15‚000-10‚000 bce. Random placement and shifting scale signify prehistoric people’s lack of structure and sequence in recording their experience. Media: Ground pigments – charcoal for black‚ yellows‚ reds and browns from iron oxides Binder – animal fat Substrate – (aka: ground) cave walls and ceilings Application – fingers‚ reed brushes or breath Chauvet Caves Two periods of production: 27‚000-26
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The University of the West Indies Faculty of Medical Sciences The UWI School of Nursing‚ Mona Year II Semester II BScN Catheterizing the Female Urinary Bladder Overview: Urinary Catheterization is the introduction of a catheter through the urethra into the bladder for the purpose of withdrawing urine. Purpose of the Urinary Catheterization is to 1. Prevent or relieve bladder distension 2. Promote urinary elimination 3. Obtain a sterile specimen of Urine 4. Obtain
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animals suffering from a specific disease but should not be found in healthy animals. 2. The specific microorganism should be isolated from the diseased animal and grown in pure culture on artificial laboratory media. 3. This freshly isolated microorganism‚ when inoculated into a healthy laboratory animal‚ should cause the same disease seen in the original animal. 4. The microorganism should be reisolated in pure culture from the experimental infection. In this exercise‚ Penicillium was
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Unit 20 – Causes and Spread of Infection 1.1 Identify the differences between bacteria‚ viruses‚ fungi and parasites. Bacteria‚ fungi and parasites are all considered as ‘living’ things‚. Bacteria are single celled microorganisms that can only been seen through a microscope‚ they collect their nutrition from their surrounding and unlike viruses‚ they do not need a living host to reproduce. Viruses are difficult to destroy because they are enclosed in a protein coating. Viruses are disease-producing
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granted. If you are camping and hiking you won’t always have access to this source of healthy‚ potable water. Unfortunately‚ many water sources in the wilderness include microorganisms‚ bacteria‚ viruses and contaminants. 1. Boiling * Boiling water is the most effective way to kill all disease-causing microorganisms‚ such as E. coli‚ Cryptosporidium and Giardia lamblia‚ which are present in lakes and rivers. Depending on your elevation level‚ you should boil water for different lengths
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