Chapter 1: The Main Themes of Microbiology What is Microbiology? • micron = small and biologia = study of living things • Microbiology = study of small living things • How small is “small”? • What do we really mean by living? • Working definition: Study of entities too small to be seen with the unaided human eye. • (< 0.2 mm = 200 µm = 200‚000 nm) Types of Microbes Prokaryotes include Bacteria and Archaea Eukaryotes include Protista (Algae and Protozoa)‚ Fungi‚ and Animalia
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is the process by which microorganisms are removed or destroyed in order to render an object safe. It includes: 31 • • • Cleaning‚ Disinfection‚ and Sterilization. All hospitals and health care facilities should have a decontamination policy and help staff to decide what decontamination process should be used for which item of equipment. 11 Processing Instruments Definition of Terms Antimicrobial agent: Any agent that kills or suppresses the growth of microorganisms. Biocide: A chemical or
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effective and may not even qualify as probiotic in general. Gregor Reid defines probitotics as microorganisms that‚ when administered‚ confer a health benefit on the host. He also specifically mentions that the microorganisms must be live which is a key distinction(2). The host can benefit from probiotics in ways that help to facilitate and strengthen the gut microflora. As long as the microorganisms can
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Salt Pollution As awareness for pollution increases‚ other forms of pollution are defined. Almost everyone knows about toxic waste and carbon dioxide pollution‚ but not many people have heard of salt pollution. Salt pollution has been on the increase since the evolution of the automobile. With more pressure on government agencies to keep the highway clear and safe‚ an increase in the use of salt has developed. It is important to understand why salt is used and how it work as well as the environmental
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of the Immune System The human immune system is a collective network of tissues‚ glands‚ and organs that work in a coordinated effort with each other to guard our bodies from foreign antigens such as viruses‚ bacteria‚ and infection causing microorganisms. For the immune system to work properly‚ two things must happen: first‚ the body must recognize that it has been invaded‚ either by pathogens or toxins or by some other threat. Second‚ the immune response must be activated quickly‚ before the
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yellow color. Yet‚ the fishes decomposing bodies cause a boom of bacterial and zooplankton growth in the aquatic chamber. The resulting zooplankton and other microorganisms population growth helped the water quality because the zooplankton and microorganisms began to feed on the bacteria that had caused the deep yellow color. As the microorganisms fed on the bacteria the water quality and color quickly became more
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Microorganisms are classified according to their structure. By means of flow charts‚ diagrams and tables explain the differences between Viruses‚ Bacteria‚ Cyanobacteria‚ Achaea and Fungi. Bacteria or bacterium are unicellular microorganisms. They are essentially only a few micrometres long and form of various shapes including the spheres‚ rods and spirals. A BACTERIAL CELL Illustration courtesy of Wikipedia. A Virus (from the Latin noun virus‚ meaning toxic or poison) is a sub-microscopic
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important contributors of mortality and morbidity. They are continuing to increasingly attract attention due to the fact that increasing populations resulting in crowding‚ increased bacterial resistance especially to antibiotics‚ new strains of microorganisms and impaired immunity due to age‚ treatments and illness. Nosocomial infections continue to attract concerted focus. For developing countries these infections have become a major cause of preventable disease and death. The infections of concern
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digitally enabled transactions. Including all those mediated by digital technology‚ transactions that occur over the Internet‚ the Web and via mobile app. 3. What are some of the unique features of e-commerce technology? . 1‚ ubiquity 2‚ global reach 3‚ universal standards 4‚ interactivity 5‚ information density 6‚personalization and customization 7‚ social technology 8‚richness 8. What is Web 2.0? Give examples of Web 2.0 sites and explain
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Mathew Chafin Mr. Turner English 101-401 3 December 2012 The Importance of Hygiene Practices in Healthcare Facilities In the medical field‚ associates are expected to be extremely educated in the significance of good hygiene amongst healthcare facilities. “Infection control has become a formal discipline in the United States since the 1950s‚ due to the spread of staphylococcal infections in hospitals Hygiene has taken a major role in healthcare facilities since the early 1950’s‚ and has remained
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