the founder of the Umayyad dynasty of Cordoba. He was the grandson of the tenth Umayyad Caliph Hisham ibn Abd al-Malik. At the age of 16‚ He fled his home city of Damascus due to the Abbasid revolt‚ which over threw the existing Umayyad caliphate. He fled from Damascus and made his way west to what was once land of the far reaching Umayyad Dynasty. It took him several years to reach Northern Africa because he was still being targeted by the newly established Abbasid dynasty. Al-Andalus had been
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of trade‚ including both the Trans- Saharan and Indian Ocean trade networks. * Islam’s spread to Africa had a significant impact in terms of religious and economic influence from the period of 600-1450. Mali was founded by an indigenous African dynasty that had earlier converted to Islam through peaceful interactions with Muslims. The increase of elites with wealth from commercial trading resulted in the rise of slaves to serve the elites and the importance of slavery for commerce. Chapter 7(The
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Long-Distance Trade - Small communities in the south and the west of the peninsula were agricultural - Cities in north of peninsula provided increased trade over the empire and outside the peninsula - Mecca was most important trading city‚ founded by the Umayyad clan of the Quraysh tribe - Location of Kabah‚ increased wealth‚ status‚ and popularity of Mecca - Medina located near oases with various wells and springs that made agriculture possible - Two Bedouin and three Jewish clans quarreled for control
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Chapter 13: The Expansive Realm of Islam Chapter Outline I A prophet and his world A Muhammad and his message 1 Arabian peninsula was mostly desert a Nomadic Bedouin people organized in family and clan groups b Important in long-distance trade networks between China/India and Persia/Byzantium 2 Muhammad’s early life a Muhammad ibn Abdullah born to a Mecca merchant family‚ 570 C.E. b Difficult early life‚ married a wealthy widow‚ Khadija‚ in 595 c Became a merchant at age thirty and was exposed to
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The history of Islam can be divided into three periods‚ 1) the first four successors of Muhammad (632-661)‚ 2) the Umayyads dynasty (661-750)‚ and 3) the Abbasid dynasty (750-1258). The first four successors of Muhammad were Abu Bakr‚ ‘Umar‚ ‘Uthman‚ and ‘Ali. The first three successors made important contributions to the Islamic culture. Abu Bakr brought many tribes under Islamic rule and
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Chapter 7 Terms Al-Mahdi- 775-785 CE‚ 3rd Abbasid caliph tried but failed to reconcile Shi’a to Abbasid rule and failed to resolve succession problem Harun al-Rashid- Great Abbasid ruler Harem- Buyids- 10th century Dynasty that invaded and captured Baghdad. Ruled Abbasid Empire under title of sultan and kept Abbasids as figureheads Seljuk Turks- Central Asian nomadic invaders. Sunnis who ruled in name of Abbasid caliphs from 11th century CE Crusades- Military adventures launched by western Christians
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******************** AP World History ********************* September 15‚ 2012 Chapter 14 Outline Introduction: Every year or al least once in their life‚ the Muslims must travel to Mecca. This is a holy pilgrim that has been a tradition for the Muslims since Muhammad made the trip. At the beginning the pilgrims to Mecca were made by small amounts of people. However‚ by the ninth century‚ thousands of people traveled to Mecca in the 9th lunar month. All these people survived on food and water
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The Islamic Empire undertook powerful and meaningful movements across North Africa and into Hispania‚ while being able to rapidly expand their hold on territory and the progressive installment of Islam in these territories. During the early eighth century the Islamic Caliphate made several successful invasions into Europe‚ but could not make any meaningful impositions on the European people and European society. The failures of Islamic leadership to cultivate and expand the Islamic religion in Europe
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the final prophet 3. Hijra = the migration of Mohammed and he’s followers from Mecca(scared city) to medina due to hostility of merchant aristocracy. 4. returned to medina in 630‚ and transferred the kaba as the religious site of Islam. 5.abbasid dynasty (750-1250) encourages conversion to Islam from other religions 6 Qurans=people of the book 7. Values of Islam Honor parents‚ kind to neighbors‚ protect widow and orphans‚ give to the poor Condemns Murders‚ steeling‚ lying‚ adultery Regulates
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Study Guide Test 1(Outline) - There are 5 key conceptual connections to understanding the material. 1. Primary Tradition; is primary because it took shape first and because it is more important and enduring than Secondary tradition. 2. Secondary Tradition; took shape after the formation of the primary tradition‚ and it is less important and enduring than the primary tradition. 3. Defining moments; refers to the period between 500 BC to 500 CE‚ when major civilizations developed their defining
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