Q.1 Write a note on specific Vs diffused Culture. Ans. A specific culture is one in which individuals have a large public space they readily let other enter and share and a small private space they guard closely and share with only close friends and associates. A diffuse culture is one in which both public and private spaces are similar in size and individuals guard their public space carefully‚ because entry into public space affords entry into private space as well. Austria‚ the UK‚ the US
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has been used to justify horrific acts. Crusaders not only killed many Muslims‚ they also massacred many Jews and Eastern Christians in the process of attempting to win control of the Holy Land. Adolf Hitler’s followers - among them the so-called German Christians - were believers in their Fuhrer. The Inquisition carried out its torture in the name of God. Religion should never be involved in politics because it can then be used as an instrument of control. However‚ in places where religion develops
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Multinational Enterprises – Organizational Culture vs. National Culture Sabine Scheffknecht Leeds Metropolitan University‚ UK This situation brings a lot of advantages (less dependence on the economy or political situation of one single country; differentiated marked position; economy of scale through the size of the business; use of synergies; etc.) but also comprises the challenge to combine many different nationalities and with this also diverse cultures under one roof. Abstract Multinational
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Similarities and Differences between Chinese Culture and Japanese Culture All collectives and groups in the world‚ no matter big countries or small families‚ have their own cultures. There is no single definition which can suit everyone’s understanding of culture. For example‚ Hofstede defines culture as ‘something consists of the unwritten rules of the social game’ (Refer to Bibliography No.1‚ p. 6); Hoebel and Frost define culture as an ‘integrated system of learned behaviour patterns’ (Refer
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Moss Kanter‚ 1997"Strategies for success in the new global economy: An interview with Rosabeth Moss Kanter"‚ Strategy & Leadership‚ Vol. 25 Iss: 6 pp. 20 - 26 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eb054603 Martin E. Smith‚ (2003)‚"Changing an organisation ’s culture: correlates of success and failure"‚ Leadership & Organization Development Journal‚ Vol. 24 Iss: 5 pp. 249 - 261 http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/01437730310485752 Access to this document was granted through an Emerald subscription provided by UNIVERSITY
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force which helps an individual focus on his immediate and long term goals and helps him run the extra mile. Also in this essay we will be focusing on the impact of culture on organizational behavior and the reasons why managers need to be aware of various motivational theories so that they are well equipped to handle this impact of culture change. Motivation is a very important tool that is not effectively utilized by managers. Motivation if used effectively can significantly improve the performance
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National Culture in Sony As mentioned earlier‚ Sony is a Japanese company with its operations all around the world. The company started its operations in 1946‚ taking this into account we can easily assume that Sony has a strong connection with its national values and incorporates a culture that is derived from these values. We will now use the five dimensions developed by Hofstede in order to assess its national culture. Power Distance The power distance value of Japan as calculated by Hofstede
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Individualism South Korea‚ with a score of 18 is considered a collectivistic society. This is manifest in a close long-term commitment to the member ’group’‚ be that a family‚ extended family‚ or extended relationships. Loyalty in a collectivist culture is paramount‚ and over-rides most other societal rules and regulations. The society fosters strong relationships where everyone takes responsibility for fellow members of their group. In collectivist societies offence leads to shame and loss of face
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THE MACROECONOMIC UNCERTAINTY IN THE OIL AND GAS EQUIPMENT SERVICE INDUSTRY We explore how the macroeconomic fluctuation can really affect the performance of a company. We analyze the companies of the oil and gas equipment service industry: FMC Technologies‚ NOV‚ and Schlumberger. We use the MUST Analysis in order to discover what were the macroeconomic variables that really affects our companies’ performance‚ the magnitude‚ and the direction of the variables with the performance. The data sources
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Culture and International Business: An Exploratory Review of the Empirical Research in JIBS and MIR from 1992 to 2002 Daniel W. Baack Boeing Institute of International Business Saint Louis University 458 Davis-Shaughnessy Hall 3674 Lindell Boulevard Saint Louis‚ MO 63108 314-977-3810 baackdw@slu.edu Donald Baack Pittsburg State University 1701 South Broadway Pittsburg‚ Kansas 66762 620-235-4583 debaack@pittstate.edu ABSTRACT The study of culture is an important component of international
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