encompasses governance‚ health care‚ education‚ poverty reduction‚ gender equality‚ infrastructures‚ sustainability‚ etc. Development should be distinguished from disaster relief or humanitarian aid. While the latter seek short term fixes to emergency situations‚ the former aims at implementing long-term solutions‚ i.e.‚ solutions that continue to work indefinitely after aid is stopped. Although earlier forms of international aid did exist‚
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between harm reduction and the increase of risk taking behavior. Harm reduction is defined as “policies‚ programs and practices that aim to reduce negative health‚ social and economic consequences that may ensue from the use of legal and illegal psychoactive drugs‚ without necessarily reducing drug use” (Stenekes‚ 2015). In this essay I will argue that harm reduction is a slippery slope that leads to the use of illicit substances and to the engagement in risky behavior. Harm reduction policies negatively
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ETHICAL THEORIES 1. Utilitarianism The utilitarian ethical theory is founded on the ability to predict the consequences of an action. To a utilitarian‚ the choice that yields the greatest benefit to the most people is the choice that is ethically correct. One benefit of this ethical theory is that the utilitarian can compare similar predicted solutions and use a point system to determine which choice is more beneficial for more people. This point system provides a logical and rationale argument
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Analyzing Counseling Theories Part 1: Chart Theory 1: Existential Theory Theory 2: Gestalt Theory Background Theory • Arose from the philosophic roots of Kierkegaard‚ Nietzsche‚ Camus‚ and Sarte • Gained an audience within the post WWII European community • Philosophers of this period developed a perspective reflecting the realities of their harsh existence • People saw death as the core even permeating their existence based in reality • Kierkegaard perused scientific truth from the
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++A theory that involves deviance that can help reduce crime rate is the Labeling Theory. Aaron Cicourel‚ in his 1976 study‚ illustrates the labeling theory by investigating the relationship between the Californian police officers and the people whom they were more likely to arrest. Cicourel found that the police were more likely to arrest a group of people that fit the criteria of poor education‚ poor social status‚ and minority members. The police would interact with this group of people‚ that
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the modernization theory with the major arguments of the dependency theory of development. Which of these major paradigms of development is more compelling to you and why? Development is the increase in total value of goods and services produced. Development is also improvement in human welfare‚ quality of life‚ social wellbeing. There are certain theories and perspectives of development that is humanist perspective‚ dependency theory‚ economic perspective and modernity theory. We are only going
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MOTIVATIONAL THEORIES EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In this report‚ we focus on a particular salesman‚ assumed as Mr. Rohit Puri‚ who works in TATA Motors‚ India. We first address the current situation of the company and Mr. Puri’s job‚ also the issues faced by him in the company. In the second part we analyse two motivational theories in detail that shall help in bringing improvements in job performance of salesmen and also prove beneficial to the company as a whole. TATA MOTORS TATA motors is one of
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“Merton reasoned that people adapt in certain ways‚ either by conforming to or by deviating from…cultural expectations.” (Schaefer‚ 2009‚ pg. 164) Merton’s theory suggests five forms of adaptation: Conformity‚ Innovation‚ Ritualism‚ Retreatism‚ and Rebellion. However‚ these forms of adaptation are not necessarily referring to change in personality; rather it is a change in behavior. As stated by Robert Merton
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EFFECTIVENESS LEARNING OBJECTIVES 1. Explain why organizations exist and the purposes they serve. 2. Describe the relationship between organizational theory and organizational design and change‚ and differentiate between organizational structure and culture. 3. Understand how managers can utilize the principles of organizational theory to design and change their organizations to increase organizational effectiveness. 4. Identify the three principal ways in which managers assess and measure
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Concepts Process of Theory ProposedProcess-Driven Quality Requirements Customer-Driven Quality Requirements Company Example That Has Applied This TheoryDemingProblems in a process are not rooted in motivation or commitment of the workforce‚ but is due to flaws in the design of the system.PDCA cycle (plan‚ do‚ check‚ act). 14 points to transform management practices.Many of his 14 points are process-driven‚ such as breaking down barriers between departments will lead to a reduction of waste‚ errors‚
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