Afghanistan’s state-building and reconstruction agenda. International experience suggests that the larger the tax gap (the difference between the taxes actually paid and what should be paid according to existing laws and statutes)‚ the more radical are the changes needed. With a tax gap on the order of 60%‚ Afghanistan needs to adopt a comprehensive strategy including revamping of the tax administration in order to obtain significant improvements in compliance. Based on the more detailed analysis
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Operating Theatre Operating Theatre Introduction Surgical site infections (SSIs) are the second to third most common site of health care associated infections (HAIs). These complications of surgical procedures cause considerable morbidity and‚ when these occur deep at the site of the procedure‚ can carry mortality as high as 77%. As illustrated below there are several key steps or “chains” that have to be connected to result in infection. However‚ for SSIs‚ the initial introduction of microbial
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Capitalizing Operating Leases The principal advantages perceived by companies who enter into leases are: • They are able to use the assets in their business without showing the related debt. Companies improve the utilization of their assets via leasing since they can add capacity‚ as needed‚ a lot more easily by leasing rather than committing to own the assets. • They show no interest expense or depreciation in the income statement‚ although both of these are part of the “lease
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Target Costing: A Historical Perspective Patrick Feil‚ Keun-Hyo Yook‚ Il-Woon Kim INTRODUCTION Target costing originated in Japan in the 1960s‚ though it remained a secret for years. Since the 1980s‚ however‚ when target costing was widely recognized as a major factor for the superior competitive position of Japanese companies‚ extensive efforts have been made to convey target costing to Western companies. Many large companies in North America and Europe have tried to adopt target costing to enhance
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Costing Methods Paper ACC/561 7 March 2013 Costing Methods Paper Super Bakery‚ Inc. has broadened its footprint by taking on a new cost system that result in fair pricing by activities instead of product. The strategies used by the company were clear to make the improvements needed to move the company forward. Other cost systems were considered but the activity-based costing approach was best suited to the company’s needs. The job order cost system and the process cost system
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ADVANTAGES OF KAIZEN COSTING There are certain basic principles which are followed in various Japanese companies which are listed below: - 1) Focus on customers: The Kaizen philosophy has only one prime objective of customers’ satisfaction. Kaizen permits no middle ground its either you provide best products and customer satisfaction or not. All the activities should aim at providing customer with whatever he wants and should help the firm long term objective of customers’ satisfaction at
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’s online banking facility‚ a customer having personal Internet access must register with the institution for the service‚ and set up some password (under various names) for customer verification. The password for online banking is normally not the same as for telephone banking. Financial institutions now routinely allocate customer numbers (also under various names)‚ whether or not customers intend to access their online banking facility. Customer numbers are normally not the same as account numbers
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report provides an analysis of Activity Based Costing systems and Conventional Costing systems to determine whether the application of Activity Based Costing concepts would be useful at DBS Consulting Services. A profitability analysis of the two consulting services offered by DBS Consulting Services (e-Commerce Consulting and Information Systems Consulting) was performed using Activity Based Costing and Conventional Costing. Using the conventional costing approach‚ the overheads of $342‚000 were
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parts. In the first part‚ the badges of trade are considered and how they would be applied to Ali situation. In the second part‚ the principles of VAT‚ i.e. taxable persons‚ registration and deregistration‚ imports and exports‚ categories of supplies‚ different accounting schemes‚ and the administration of VAT‚ are discussed. I. Income tax is charged under the trading income provisions of Income Tax (Trading and Other Income) Act 2005 Part 2 on the profits of any “trade‚ profession or vocation
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healthcare‚ income inequality and poverty. Time to time changes in policies have been made‚ perhaps to improve these issues‚ however‚ the gap between rich and poor keeps increasing and there is very little improvement in healthcare and the economy. In fact‚ healthcare keeps on becoming costly. Major issues like income inequality and poverty are not being taken care of by the government. According to Dr. Raphael (2002) poverty is caused by several reasons such as inequality in people’s income‚ weak social
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