Budgeting System Paper Line-item Budget System The major advantage of line-item budgeting is its simplicity. Any staff member‚ board member‚ volunteer or interested citizen can pick up the line-item budget of a human service agency and see (a) the source and amount of the agency’s revenues‚ (b) how the funds will be used in terms of staff‚ equipment‚ facilities‚ travel‚ and so on‚ and (c) if the budget is balanced. The major disadvantages of line-item budgeting systems are twofold. First‚ line-item
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and Information: An Economic Analysis of Capital Budgeting Procedures Author(s): Anthony M. Marino and John G. Matsusaka Source: The Review of Financial Studies‚ Vol. 18‚ No. 1 (Spring‚ 2005)‚ pp. 301-325 Published by: Oxford University Press. Sponsor: The Society for Financial Studies. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3598074 . Accessed: 15/11/2013 17:17 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use‚ available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms
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Reward Allocation Decision Reward allocation is a significant organizational issue‚ as it affects the working attitudes of the employees as well as the efficiency of the organization. Many people would say that the reward allocation must be equal for each employee‚ giving each of them equal amount of reward; some people would say equity should be used‚ basing it on performance and the competency of each individual; and other people would say that it should be given based on the needs of each employee
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Chapter 8 Cost Estimation and Budgeting 8.1 True/False 1) Direct costs are those clearly assigned to the aspect of the project that generated the cost. Answer TRUE 2) Material is an example of a cost that is recurring‚ variable and direct. Answer TRUE 3) An expedited cost is one that does not vary with respect to their usage. Answer FALSE 4) An order of magnitude estimate is usually more accurate than a ballpark estimate. Answer FALSE 5) Comparative estimates are more accurate than definitive
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63 Equity and Adequacy in School Funding John G. Augenblick John L. Myers Amy Berk Anderson Abstract Since 1971‚ most states have been subject to lawsuits seeking to reform their education funding systems. These cases are litigated on the basis of state (not federal) constitutional language and generally seek either greater equity in funding among school districts or a guaranteed level of adequate funding for education. State supreme courts have found the finance systems unconstitutional in
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The possible impact of university corruption on customers’ ethical standards Merlin Stone1 and Michael Starkey2 Correspondence: Merlin Stone‚ The Customer Framework‚ Lily Hill House‚ Lily Hill Road‚ Ascot RG12 2SJ‚ UK. E-mail:merlin.stone@thecustomerframework.com 1is Head of Research at The Customer Framework. He is author or co-author of many articles and 30 books on customer management. The UK’s Chartered Institute of Marketing listed him in 2003 as one of the world’s top 50 marketing thinkers
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Duplicity of charges is an irregularity and not an illegality. Discuss. The answer in this paper will provide the general rule under Section 163 CPC and the exceptions under Section 153(2) CPC. Section 422 CPC will be discussed whether the duplicity of charges is curable i.e. there is no prejudice against the accused or no failure of justice. The test is given in See Yew Poo (1949) will be laid down to discuss the issues of irregularity and illegality. Section 163 CPC states that every distinct
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The purpose of this lab was to compare the action of a catalyst (enzyme) under different environmental conditions. This was determined by performing a variety of different experiments. The first experiment was performed by adding hydrogen peroxide to sand. Due to the fact that the sand was not soluble in the hydrogen peroxide‚ no reaction thus no catalyst were present. Manganese dioxide was also added to the hydrogen peroxide creating a moderately fast reaction thus leading to believe that an enzyme
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a new computer server for the research and development group. Long-term capital budget expenditures are often grouped in one of the following categories: new machines and equipment intended for expansion‚ replacement of existing equipment‚ some allocations for research and development for new products and/or the expansion of existing products‚ mandatory projects required by law for safety‚ and other long-term exploratory expenditures for buildings‚ land‚ patents‚ and so on. Question 2: 2D1-LS10 Which
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fixed and a floating charge has considerable significance particularly for the parties involved in commercial relationships. It follows from the fact that under English law a fixed charge has a priority over a floating charge that means the former will prevail over the latter even though the company has granted a floating charge to the creditor prior to the creation of a fixed security. Another reason is that under the provisions of Insolvency Act 1986 holders of a floating charge are placed in a less
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