wheels‚ wooden barrels etc. In these cases heated metal is made to just fit an object. When the metal cools it contracts and induces prestress into the object thereby strengthening it. The idea of pretensioned concrete has been around since the late 19th century‚ but its use was limited by the quality of materials available at the time. It wasn’t until the 1920s that materials of a suitable quality were available in sufficient quantity to allow pretensioned concrete to be used with confidence. The pioneers
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soil Vegetation Tool Kit for Engineers 4.10/ P/ 2 Non Structural cracks: Moisture Changes Building materials expand on absorbing moisture and shrink on drying. These are generally reversible. Shrinkage in concrete or mortar depends on a number of factors • Cement concrete: Richer the mix greater is the drying shrinkage. • Water content: More water in mix induces greater shrinkage • Aggregates : Large aggregates with good grading has less shrinkage for same workability as less water
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Strength of concrete Chapter 6 Properties of concrete :- Strength Durability Impermeability Volume stability Strength of concrete is the most valuable property. What is strength? Strength depends on the physical structure and volume of hydration products. Therefore it gives an idea of the quality of concrete. Note :- strength depends less on the chemical composition of the paste and more on the physical structure
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www.jntuworld.com www.android.jntuworld.com www.jwjobs.net Code No: R31013 R10 Set No: 1 III B.Tech. I Semester Regular Examinations‚ November/December - 2012 CONCRETE TECHNOLOGY (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 Hours Max Marks: 75 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks ***** Assume missing data suitably 1. (a) Describe the oxide composition of Ordinary Portland Cement. (b) What are the main compounds into which the above oxides will transform in the process of fusion
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Musique Concrete Music has existed since the beginning of time‚ evolving and changing with the times and culture. From monks chanting to the Beatles in the 1960’s‚ there is a long line of the evolution of music. The existence of musique concrete was another step in the world’s music history. But before going any further perhaps the definition of musique concrete should be specified. “ Musique concrete is the name given to a class of electronic music produced from editing together fragments of
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placed in a cube and allowed to dry forming the concrete testing cube. Each of the four blocks containing different compositions of each material were then placed in a compressive testing machine and when each cube yielded‚ results were taken. Effect of water content on workability of fresh concrete: As more water was added to the dry mixture‚ it became easier to work with but we had to be careful not to add to much water or this would weaken the concrete and possible ruin the mixture. If you wanted
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Concrete and Steel Testing BIP Geotechnical and Material Testing Engineers and Water Supply Bakakeng‚ Baguio City In the construction‚ it is better to know the strength of concrete and steel to be used especially in a high rise building. Our Laboratory No. 1 for this Midterm is to determine the slump of freshly concrete mixed with Portland cement concrete‚ the strength and the mixtures of the concrete. July 27‚ 2012‚ we performed our laboratory. We the second group‚ use crushed aggregates
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or‚ in the case of revision‚ the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval. This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense. e1 NOTE—Range value in 12.2.2 was editorially corrected July 2001. 1. Scope 1.1 This specification covers materials for use as chemical admixtures to be added to hydraulic-cement concrete mixtures in
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Mixture proportioning: Procedures outlined in ACI 211.1 should be used for mixture proportioning. Typical proportions for heavyweight concrete are shown in Table 2. MATERIALS : Cement Cements conforming to ASTM C 150‚ which would be suitable for conventional concrete and produce the required physical properties‚ are suitable for use in heavyweight concrete. Aggregate Thorough examination and evaluation of heavyweight aggregate sources are necessary to obtain material suitable for the type
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The greatness of Roman architecture is built‚ quite literally‚ upon the foundation of two important items: the discovery of concrete and the adoption of the arch from the Greeks. Concrete was an exceptional development within the Roman world and catapulted Roman construction into new heights of efficiency and stability. According to Kamm (1995)‚ the origin of Roman concrete can be found in a volcanic earth known as pozzolana‚ initially found near the Greek settlement of Puteoli. It would later be
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