of optimal functioning (ZOF) hypothesis of Y. L. Hanin suggests that each athlete has a specific bandwidth‚ or zone‚ of anxiety in which best performances will most likely be observed. The present study investigated the ZOF hypothesis within a multidimensional framework. Unique cognitive anxiety and somatic anxiety zones were identified‚ and it was hypothesized that athletes whose anxiety levels fell within these zones would be more successful than athletes whose anxiety levels were outside these zones
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Nonmetric measurement scales Nominal scales: only to identify the object. Ordinal scales: only to indicate the order of the values. Metric measurement scales Interval scales: highest level of measurement precision together with ratio scales. Only differences is that interval uses an arbitrary zero point and ratio scales include an absolute zero point. Therefore it is not possible to say that any value on an interval scale is a multiple of some other point on the scale. Ratio scales: see above. Measurement
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Discuss psychological explanations of any one eating disorder (24) Anorexia has been found in all countries but the frequency of the disorder increases with the levels of Western influence in society. Hoek et al found that white Caribbean’s had higher rates of anorexia than black Caribbean’s‚ presumably because the white population aspired to a more Western lifestyle than the black population. It can be concluded that socio-cultural factors can help explain anorexia. Social learning theory helps
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The scientific investigation of the relationship of music to the human mind. The first courses in the psychology of music in Canada were established in 1935 by Cyril C. (Cornelius) O’Brien at the Maritime Academy of Music in Halifax. As head of the academy’s dept of psychology until 1947‚ O’Brien - b Halifax 22 Mar 1906; D MUS (Montreal)‚ D PAED (Montreal)‚ PH D psychology (Ottawa) - taught courses in the psychology of music‚ administered tests of musical talent‚ and wrote articles on music aptitude
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James C. (1987)‚ "An Approach for Confirmatory Measurement and Structural Equation Modeling of Organizational Properties‚" Management Science‚ 33 (April)‚ and David W. Gerbing (1982)‚ "Some Methods for Respecifying Measurement Models to Obtain Unidimensional Construct Measurement‚" Journal of Marketing Research‚ 19 (November)‚ 453-60. and (1984)‚ "The Effect of Sampling Er- and (1988)‚ "Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-Step and James A. Narus (1984)‚ "A Model
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variable was measured using the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (Zigmond‚ AS; Snaith‚ RP.‚ 1983)‚ whilst the independent variable perfectionism levels were measured using the Almost Perfect Scale – Revised (Slaney‚ Rice‚ Mobley‚ Trippi‚ Ashby.‚ 2001) to test the correlation between the two. Those who experienced higher in the subscales of perfectionism showed a greater experience in depression than those who scored lower on the perfectionism scales. This indicated a significant correlation between all
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Pain is a multidimensional phenomenon that varies with each individual and each painful experience (Watson‚ Garfinkel‚ Gallop‚ Stevens‚ & Strenier‚ 2000). Within the past 20 years there have been dramatic advances in pain control (Carr‚ 1997). However‚ under treatment of pain continues to be a major public health problem (Berry & Dahl‚ 2000). McCaffery and Pasero (1999) noted that barriers to pain management are numerous and complex. The aim of this critical analysis is to explore some barriers
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Pain Management in the Elderly Pain is a complex‚ subjective‚ and unpleasant sensation derived from sensory stimuli and modified by memory‚ expectations and emotions (Merck & Co.‚ Inc.‚ 1995). It is a multidimensional and universally experienced phenomenon‚ however‚ the reactions and sensitivity to pain varies widely among individuals‚ especially for the geriatric population (65 years and older). Pain is a common experience for many elderly individuals that has negative consequences on their
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murderer‚ in particular‚ freedom. As for quadrant 2A‚ dignity is what humans gain or lose through a sense of self-worth‚ the murderer is likely to have no sense of self-worth as they face the death penalty. Human dignity and the human person is multidimensional‚ that is‚ in one way or another‚ will involve different perspectives in every scenario of a very complex nature. By thinking in only one perspective‚ we only have one understanding of human dignity and not being able to understand the full potential
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SCALING TECHNIQUES Learning Objectives Concept of Measurement and Scaling Different Scales in Measurement and their properties Introduction of different type of scaling Techniques Comparative ‚ non comparative Continuous ‚Special Rating scales Mathematically derived scales How to Choose a scale Concepts Why do we do scaling? The most common reason for doing scaling is for scoring purposes. When a participant gives their responses to a set of items‚ we often would like
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