13 Theoretical Approaches to Employment and Industrial Relations: A Comparison of Subsisting Orthodoxies 1Department of Industrial Relations & Personnel Management‚ University of Lagos‚ 2Department of Accounting‚ University of Lagos‚ Nigeria Christopher Odogwu Chidi1 and Okwy Peter Okpala2 1. Introduction Theory could be viewed as a coherent group of assumptions or propositions put forth to explain a phenomenon. A theory is an abstraction of reality and is synonymous with perception‚
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perspectives on understanding the nature of workplace rules. They usually are referred to as ‘frames of reference’. The first debate on frames of references was made by Fox (1966)‚ when he described and showed the differences between unitary and pluralist approaches. Unitary approach is the system based on employers and his employees’ identity of interest. There is only one source of authority and one focus of loyalty. This is the reason that in unitary approach work is based on team work. Everybody
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principles with representatives elected at periodic elections where political equality and political freedom allow the voter an effective choice between competing candidates in a secret ballot. How do pressure groups fit in with this concept? In the pluralist model of democracy‚ pressure groups play an essential role. Political parties cannot provide adequate representation for the full range of diverse interests and opinions in a modern democracy because their key function is to aggregate interests into
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potential investors‚ the need to be competitive through Globalization and the structural changes needed for loans and aids to be granted from the IMF. • Socio-Economic Issues such as the history of the country‚ the cultural dynamics of the state‚ pluralist vs. homogenous states. Review the theoretical arguments relating to these issues that are put forward by the author Wilenski (1986) saw the greatest impediment to public sector reform as being the lack of political will. This was supported
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conflictual way of postcolonial state building. A liberal society depends on uniformity and the regard for social contrasts. This book offers a portion of the best research on the most proficient method to comprehend ethnic clash (Page 2 ... 2 Andreas Wimmer). Figure I.1.show Global Trends in Ethnopolitical Conflict; (1945–2002) is imperative investigations of the In postcolonial social orders‚ multiculturalism is a chronicled issue adapted by provincial racial learning and state development from
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The classic political pluralist model is the first model discussed in the book which is quite ironic since today the pluralistic model has vanished from the US political system. This model is based on the notion that there are many different competing groups in politics that hold
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Trade unions have been a central part of the Australian workplace. The workplace however has changed over the past two decades and it is possible that the role of trade unions within the workplace has been replaced by the introduction of Human Resource Management (HRM) practices. As stated by Leigh‚ 2005 “from 1914 until 1980‚ at least two in five workers were members of a union” and unionism was therefore for the most part the dominant approach‚ in terms of employment relations. However current
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Title: The role of the media in international conflict. Case studies: Vietnam War‚ Falklands conflict‚ Gulf War. Abstract: Since the end of the Cold War there have been countless conflicts that have involved the deaths of millions of people and the suffering of millions more. It is impossible to accurately quantify human suffering due to the conflict. To take one indicator – it has been pointed that more than one million children died in the conflicts‚ which occurred in the world for last ten
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There are five key features of the origins of pluralism in political science. It began as an attack on state monism‚ whether expressed philosophically in the doctrine of sovereignty‚ or practically in centralized‚ absolutist states. Second‚ pluralists valued group and organizational autonomy‚ activity and diversity. Third‚ they agreed that vigorous group conflicts must be expected in any complex society. Fourth‚ they debated the relative usefulness of institutional or social checks and
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Lukes three-dimensional understanding of power from his book Power: A Radical View. Gaventa applies the three notions of power to the politics of inequalities in the Appalachian Valley and‚ while demonstrating the inadequacies of the first or ’pluralist’ approach and the merits of the second and particularly the third dimensions‚ asserts that the interrelationship and reinforcing affect of all three dimensions is necessary for an in depth understanding of the "total impact of power upon the actions
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