Receptors and Ligands: Examining the effects of pharmaceutical compounds on Daphnia magna physiology Abstract The following study was conducted in order to determine the effects of four different pharmaceutical compounds on the heart rate of Daphnia specimens. After basal heart rate was observed and computed‚ four different solutions each containing either an adrenergic‚ muscarinic‚ or nicotinic agonist or antagonist was tested against individual Daphnia. Observations were made through a compound
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Termite Lab Report The effect of ink on termite behavior Abstract Termites produce special chemicals within their bodies called pheromones. Because termites are usually found inside dark areas‚ pheromones help them communicate in these places. Past studies have suggested that ink inside ballpoint pens contains pheromones‚ causing termites to follow any trail created by the ink. If a pathway is drawn with an ink pen‚ then a termite will be attracted to the path and trace it due to the pheromones
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a. The bacteria that causes botulism are found in soil‚ water‚ animal guts and dung. When the spores exposed to low oxygen and certain temperature‚ they produce botulinum toxin‚ able to germinate‚ metabolize‚ food sources through an aerobic respiration to produce toxin. The toxin blocks the release of acetylcholine from motor nerve endings causing paralysis symptoms. The botulism either food born‚ eating contaminated home-canned foods where the fermentation takes place. or through abrasion in the
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Abstract This lab is performed in order to determine the total energy in a reaction between zinc and hydrochloric acid. The reaction is done twice‚ once to measure the heat of the reaction and again to determine the work done in the system. This is because Enthalpy equals heat plus work (∆H= ∆E+W). Heat and work can be broken down further into separate components so the equation used in lab is ∆H=mc∆T + PV. Many calculations are used in the lab to find out what cannot be measured directly (ex:
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31 October 2011 Identification and observations of Citrobacter Freundii Introduction Citrobacter Freundii is a species of bacteria that can be potentially harmful to humans. It is known to cause meningitis by protruding into the brain and replicating itself (1). The Citrobacter species has also been found as a cause of some urinary tract infections‚ diarrhea‚ and even gastrointestinal diseases and symptoms (3). C. Freundii can be located in a wide variety of soils and water (3). Lastly‚ it is
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substance. In this lab the densities of unknown irregularly shaped solids and liquids was determined. Accuracy and precision of the results will be estimated‚ and attention will be paid to the correct use of the significant figures. The experiment approach that will be used will tell the mass and volume of the metal and liquid determined by measuring these two quantities with a graduated cylinder and biuret. Procedure: a) The density of metals First I obtained a quantity of unknown metal. Recording
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Citrate Test: Some bacteria can use citrate as a source of carbon. To test if the unknown bacteria uses citrate as a source of carbon‚ Simmon’s citrate agar was used as the medium on which the bacteria was grown. The Simmon’s citrate agar consists of sodium citrate as the source of carbon‚ ammonium dihydrogen phosphate as the source of nitrogen along with pH indicator such as bromothymol blue. Procedure: The Citratase activity was detected by inoculating the unknown bacteria on the slant surface
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Buoyancy Lab: Archimedes’ Principle TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTENTS …………….………….…………….……………………………..Page No. 1. Abstract…………………………….…………….………….…………….……………….. 3 2. Objective & Introduction ……….……………………………………….………………...4 3. Theory & Experimental Methods ……………………………….………………………...5 4. Results & Discussion …………………………………………………….………….............6 5. Conclusions..…………………………………………………….…………………………..7 6. References.…………………………………………………………………………..………8 7. Appendix ……………………………………………………….……………..………….…9
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The purpose of this lab was to determine the effects of changes in variables such as temperature‚ pH and concentration on catalase enzyme activity. Proteins are organic compounds made up of amino acid subunits consisting of carboxyl and amino functional groups‚ linked together by peptide bonds through condensation reactions. They are an essential part of all living organisms. Enzymes are “biological catalyst used to speed up chemical reactions (Athanasopoulos‚ 2014). Normally‚ for chemical reactions;
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The purpose of lab number thirteen was to examine the response of the daphnia to a chemical stimulant. Also examined was how human resting heart rates differed from the daphnia’s. Stimulants are any substances that raise the levels of activity in the body. Stimulants could be a number of things such as physical or chemical. Physical stimulus usually deal with something that affects the five senses such as sight‚ hearing these could be attributed to loud noises or too much light going into your eye
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