Ch. 18. viral and bacterial genetics Virus Not living‚ nucleic acids and proteins Viriods and prions Viriods: Single stranded circular Rna Prions: only protein Bacteria Living‚ prokaryotes 1 Seven characteristics common to life Cells and organization Energy use Respond to environmental change Regulation and homeostasis Growth and development Reproduction Change over the course of generations 2 Viruses Over 4‚000 different types of viruses Virus have their
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Fermented food‚ enjoyed across the globe‚ conveys health benefits through lactic acid fermentation. The fermentation process can transform the flavor of food from the plain and mundane to a mouth-puckering sourness enlivened by colonies of beneficial bacteria and enhanced micronutrients. While fermented food like yogurt‚ sauerkraut and kefir are well-known many other lesser-known foods also benefit from the lactic acid fermentation process. Indeed‚ virtually every food with a complex or simple sugar content
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Major concepts to review for Exam 1: 1.) know the elements of life – and how the reduction and oxidative of some of these drive bioenergetics 2.) Know the general time line for biology and evolution on the Earth; What major events altered evolution especially in terms of microbially driven changes 3.) Carl Woese – what did he contribute? What kind of biological molecules are best to generate phylogenetic trees‚ and why? How does this compare to enzymes? 4.) What defines a species (formal definitions)
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living cells to make more cells * Anton Von Leeuwenhoek * Father microbiology & microscopy * Discovered microorganisms (animalcules) * Disproved microorganisms were heaven sent * Put clean bowl out during rainstorm & no microorganism * Let sit * Days later microorganisms formed from air * Ferdinand Cohn * Discovered endospores (enable some bacteria to survive adverse environmental conditions) * Why growth occurred in
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What are bacteria? Bacteria are very different from viruses. First of all‚ bacteria are much larger in size. The largest virus is only as big as the very smallest bacterium (singular for bacteria). But bacteria are still microscopic and cannot be seen with the naked eye. They are so small that the sizes of bacteria are measured in micrometers (10‚000 micrometers = 1 centimeter). By comparison‚ the head of a pin is about 1000 micrometers wide. Though more complex than a virus‚ the structure of a
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over 99% of bacteria or antibiotics aren’t discovered. However‚ recently a new antibiotic called teixobactin was discovered. This antibiotic prevents the synthesis of a cell wall by binding to a motif of lipid II and lipid III molecules. The goal of this experiment was to discover how teixobactin interact with bacteria and how it is able to effectively kill pathogens. A device called the iChip was used to discover teixobactin. The iChip helped to isolate and grow uncultured bacteria. Multiple iChips
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1. Identify unknown word: | 2. What is the context? | 3. Meaning seems to be... | 4. Dictionary definition is... | treachery | “After the siege and the assault has ceased at Troy‚ the city had been destroyed and burned to brands and ashes‚ the warrior who wrought there the trains of treason was tried for his treachery…” | Deception | Disloyalty‚ betray | mirth | “The King lay royally at Camelot at Christmas tide with many fine lords‚ the best of men‚ all the rich brethren of the
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“Should we manipulate the DNA of bacteria?” This is a question that has no definite answer‚ but a limitless amount of controversy. Since DNA is the code within each and every cell that instructs them on how to function and bacteria are rapidly reproducing microbes‚ genetic engineering is something to be considered. In fact‚ Bacteria were the first organisms to be genetically engineered. Modifying or manipulating the DNA of microbes and bacteria should continue to be allowed because it can be used
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Mystery bacterium I would not say science is storybook fun‚ but who knew it become a mystery. Trying to find out what was in our number seven vial would become a battle we were willing to take on. As I began the test of deciding if our little bacteria friend was gram positive or negative‚ Jordan my science teammate‚ was putting together a smear plate. In as little as ten minutes we had discovered by the pink oval shapes we were observing‚ our microbe friend was a gram negative rod. We had narrowed
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Microbiology Home Assignment Student Name: Aisha Mohamed K-215810920 Lecturer Name: Dr. Faruk Sarkinfada Task 1: Describe the different classes of bacteria based on: a. Cell wall composition • :Gram negative . • Gram positive. b. Nutritional requirements : • Autotroghs:take nutrition from carbon dioxide. • Heterotrophs take the nutrition from organic carbon(carbs‚lipids‚protein) • Prototroph: take nutrition from sunlight. • Chemotrophic take nutrition from chemicals. c. Oxygen requirement
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