ABSTRACT Antibacterial activity of medicnal plants has turned out to be a global concern. Medicnal plants are very useful in treating various diseases. Antibiotics are an important class of pharmacological agents used for treating antibacterial infections. Although antibiotics were first isolated from fungi and bacteria but over the years more and more synthetic antibiotics has been synthesized‚ which are in great demand. This present study has been done to determine the antibacterial activity of
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acidophiles (acid-loving)‚ neutrophiles (neutral ph range)‚ or alkaliphiles (alkali-loving). The one that causes disease in humans would be the neutrophiles‚ which have an ideal pH range of 5.4 to 8.0. There are exceptions‚ however‚ like Alcaligenes faecalis and Vibrio choleae‚ which are both alkaliphiles and can infect humans. Bacteria can also be classified as to the temperature range in which it grows best. Psychrophiles are cold-loving and can live in temperatures from 0 20 C. Mesophiles are
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Received 14 March 2013; Accepted 10 May 2013 Abstract: Bacterial resistance to commonly used antibiotics is constantly increasing. Bacteria particularly dangerous for human life are methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus‚ vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium and fluoroquinolone-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Hence‚ there is an incessant need for developing compounds with new modes of action and seeking alternate drug targets. In this review‚ the authors discuss the current situation of
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been on the rise which has been attributed and linked to many factors both demographical and environmental. However‚ in recent years‚ there have begun to be growing cases of CAIs involving drug resistant strains such as MRSA‚ Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) and even multi-drug resistant organisms (MDROs) which are affecting both individual with current health problems and healthy individuals alike (Cataldo et al‚ 2011). One component that has to yet be fully accounted for is the growing interaction
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Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most common bacterial infections‚ impacting more than 150 million people annually and resulting in significant health care costs and morbidity (Foxman‚ 2010; Stamm and Norrby‚ 2001). In the United States alone the costs of health care and time missed from work reach 3.5 billion dollars per year (Foxman‚ 2014). It is estimated that one out of two women will suffer UTI during their lifetime and nearly half of them will experience recurrence (Foxman‚ 2002)
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treatment pseudomembranous colitis using either oral vancomycin or metronidazole by Alorid.achtaar medication depends on the severity of the disease and the ability to tolerate oral medications. Pfancomisan treatment has a risk for the development of enterococcus resistant to vancomycin. Li Although little absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract is still metronidazole effective treatment. Ekhlas Mustafa Al-Brnawi 13112041 - Level 8 GB – Clinical Bacteriology I CLS
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The Rise of Antibiotic-Resistant Infections by_ Ricki Lewis‚ Ph.D._ When penicillin became widely available during the second world war‚ it was a medical miracle‚ rapidly vanquishing the biggest wartime killer--infected wounds. Discovered initially by a French medical student‚ Ernest Duchesne‚ in 1896‚ and then rediscovered by Scottish physician Alexander Fleming in 1928‚ the product of the soil mold Penicillium crippled many types of disease-causing bacteria. But just four years after drug
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MICROBES AND FOOD – A ‘RELATIONSHIP’ Microbes and food have always had a love-hate relationship. Food producers have learned to harness their power -- and sometimes for good use. There is no doubt that organically grown fruits and vegetables are superior in flavor. Now‚ despite arguments to the contrary made by food manufacturers‚ they may well be more nutritious for a variety of reasons. There are always studies available to prove any point‚ especially one
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established and potential root canal irrigants. J Endod. 1995;21:513-515. 46. Gomes BP‚ Ferraz CC‚ Vianna ME‚ et al. In vitro antimicrobial activity of several concentrations of sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidine gluconate in the elimination of Enterococcus faecalis. Int Endod J. 2001;34:424-428. 47. Marais JT‚ Williams WP. Antimicrobial effectiveness of electro-chemically activated water as an endodontic irrigation solution. Int Endod J. 2001;34:237243.
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The purpose of this experiment was to create a new plasmid (pMV158GFP)‚ which lacks the malR protein and is mobile and has the GFP gene to be used to track the flow of genes between bacterial cells through conjugation. A plasmid with these qualities is necessary to create a plasmid that can be transferred to Gram-positive bacteria low in C&G (which are hard to transform with traditional means) by conjugation with other bacteria. Current vectors have the malR regulatory protein which imposes a problem
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