Open Reading Frames * (ORFs) are regions with no stop codons. All genes reside in long open reading frames * Note that stop codons in other reading frames have no effect on the gene. * Can be searched in the genome sequence. Valid only for prokaryotes and lower eukaryotes. Protein Sequencing vs. DNA sequencing * We compare protein sequences‚ not DNA‚ because protein is more conserved in evolution than DNA * The organism’s survival depends on the protein being
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Session #1 Lab 1 OBSERVING BACTERIA AND BLOOD D Haynes BIO-218A Microbiology Lab Friday‚ January 17‚ 5:00pm Objective(s): Our objective is to gain knowledge of the functions and operations of the microscope through observation of bacteria and blood slides that are available for this assignment. We are also learning to “see” and observe various bacteria and their shapes as well as live yogurt cultures‚ blood‚ plaque and cheek swab samples and their arrangements. We
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Engineering Laboratory (Lab) Report Department of Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Science‚ University Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR) 1. Introduction Laboratory (Lab) reports are the most frequent document written by engineering student. These reports can contribute a significant amount of marks and yet little time or attention is devoted in understanding on how to write them well. The aim of this document is to provide a general guideline on writing a lab report. A lab report should not be
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EXPERIMENT NO. 1 INTRODUCTION TO LAB INSTRUMENTS. 1. BREADBOARD We should be familiar to the following things about a breadboard: * What is a breadboard and what is it used for? * How does it work? * Setting Up. * Limitations. What is a breadboard and what is it used for? A breadboard (or protoboard) is usually a construction base for prototyping of electronics. The term "breadboard" is commonly used to refer to a solderless breadboard (plugboard). It was designed by
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7351_2006_1_S03 Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences‚ Karnataka PM.D. [MICROBIOLOGY] DEGREE EXAMINATION Time: 3 Hours [Max. Marks : 100] PAPER I – GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY AND IMMUNOLOGY QP Code: 7351 Your answers should be specific to the questions asked. Draw neat labeled diagrams wherever necessary. Answer all questions LONG ESSAYS 1. 2. 2 X 20 = 40 Marks Discuss the production‚ properties and uses of monoclonal antibodies Discuss various in vitro antibiotic sensitivity
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and Melting Points Organic Chemistry 2423 Lab Report: Recrystallization Abstract: The purpose of this lab was to purify an unknown compound by recrystallization. Taking an unknown compound and identifying it by purifying it from its impurities through the use of hot gravity filtration. Then to determine the unknown you were to take the melting point. An unknown compound was recrystallized from hot water to produce 0.99 grams (67% recovery). The pure unknown compound had a melting point of 127.0-128
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Abstract: The Enzyme Lab results where when the liver was frozen‚ its reaction was fast‚ and when it was hot‚ it was slow‚ and the liver that was at room temperature reacted slowly to medium. Introduction: The Enzyme Lab is to conduct investigations to determine the most favorable conditions for the most efficient enzyme activity. Variables to be used testing include temperature‚ pH values and surface area. Enzymes are proteins that speed up the rate of chemical reactions‚ which would otherwise
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identifying my unknown bacteria through numerous biochemical and metabolism tests‚ with the outmost confidence‚ Proteus vulgaris had the precise qualifications. The point of this report is to further explore the identification of my unknown bacteria by revealing the results of the experiments and comparing them to the other six known bacteria: Micrococcus luteus‚ Staphylococcus aureus‚ Staphylococcus epidermidis‚ Alcaligenes faecalis‚ Escherichia coli‚ and Proteus vulgaris that were used in the lab‚ as well
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cause harm‚ society benefits from microorganisms in many ways. Microorganisms are necessary for the production of antibiotics‚ vitamins‚ vaccines and food such as bread and cheese. Dues to its important role in society the study of microorganisms‚ Microbiology‚ has become widespread. Microorganisms collected for study can be grown and visualized in both liquid and solid growth media. The purpose of the media is to provide all of the necessary nutrients for microorganisms to live and reproduce. Although
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Lab Report Procedure 6.1: Perform Benedict’s test for reducing sugars. Introduction: Benedict’s tests allows for the detection of the presence of reducing sugars. All monosaccharides are reducing sugars since all of them have active carbonyl group. Some disaccharides that are exposed to a carbonyl group are also reducing sugars but less reactive than monosaccharides. By mixing the sugar solution with Benedict’s solution and heating them‚ a redox reaction will occur. The copper (II) sulphate
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