Which is best for the economy: employment stability or employment flexibility? A recent article in the ILO’s International Labour Review analyzes the relationship between employment stability and productivity in six major sectors in 13 European countries. According to the authors‚ both‚ extensive and short job tenure can produce adverse affects on productivity. They propose a policy of ’protected mobility’ on the labour market‚ together with active labour market policies seeking to combine both
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Urbanization and Urban growth An urban area is defined as a town or city plus its adjacent suburban fringes with a population of between10‚000-50‚000. A rural area usually is defined as an area with a population of less than 2‚500 people. Urbanization is the process in which people increasingly move from rural areas to densely populated cities; also involves the transformation of rural areas into urban areas. A country’s degree of urbanization is the percentage of its population living in an urban area.
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Geoforum 30 (1999) 145±158 www.elsevier.com/locate/geoforum Three generations of urban renewal policies: analysis and policy implications Naomi Carmon * Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning‚ Technion ± Israel Institute of Technology‚ Haifa 32000‚ Israel Abstract This paper‚ based on 20 years of research and teaching related to urban renewal policies and programs‚ analyzes the history of planned intervention for the regeneration of distressed residential areas. It divides it into three
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By the 1970s the unsustainability of the Bretton Woods System (BWS) became increasingly apparent. Evaluate the factors which led to the collapse of the BWS and its impact on the subsequent evolution of the international political economy Following the Second World War‚ the Bretton Woods system was implemented as a means of monetary management among independent nation states. It was based on Keynesian economics and a shared belief in capitalism. Bretton Woods‚ BWS‚ was considered a necessary response
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In poorer countries‚ many people from the countryside move to the cities. This is called rural-urban migration. There are so many reasons for this popular action. But it happens mainly because of better education and better standard of living. As it plays an important role in the growth and development of countries‚ rural-urban migration certainly has its positive effects. Firstly‚ more and more kids from rural areas will obtain better education. Education is necessary for the development of society
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Ecology Assignment: Emily Toney AP Biology (Ernst) 1. Fill in the ecological hierarchy chart below. Different levels of ecological study (1149) Ecological Level | Description | Example | Organismal | Organismal ecology includes the subdisciplines of psychological‚ evolutionary‚ and behavioral ecology‚ is concerned with how an organisms structure‚ physiology and (for animals) behavior meet the challenges posed by its environment. | How do hammerhead sharks select a mate? | Population
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PIDE Working Papers 2008:46 On Measuring the Complexity of Urban Living Lubna Hasan Pakistan Institute of Development Economics‚ Islamabad PAKISTAN INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ISLAMABAD 2 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced‚ stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic‚ mechanical‚ photocopying‚ recording or otherwise—without prior permission of the author(s) and or the Pakistan Institute of Development Economics
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America has dealt with many up and downs‚ when comes to its economy. Therefore programs like the welfare have been created and designed in order to help society get back on their feet. Yet many different questions arise throughout the country‚ when it comes to welfare aid programs. Such questions like‚ welfare benefits pays more that an entry level job? Or the welfare is being too generous to lower class people. As a result in my macro economy class each student was assigned with a very interesting article
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Urban sustainability Name Instructor In the global context‚ Urbanization is viewed as an essential trend for development for a couple of decades to come‚ this is especially the case in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asian countries. Cities in mentioned regions as well as other parts of the world are predicted to promote sustainable development of their respective nations. This is supported by the knowledge that urbanization if well-articulated can enhance economic
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Ecology Biology Notes GCE Study Buddy Ecology ● Ecology is the study of interactions among organisms‚ and between organisms and the physical and chemical factors making up their external environment ● Ecologists study both the non-living (abiotic) or physical environment‚ and the living (biotic) environment. Physical environment ● Amount of light ○ Light intensity affects the distribution and growth of both plants and animals ● Amount of water ○ Xerophytes are plants which can
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