The Origin of Inequality Inequality amongst human beings in society is recognized as one of the greatest injustices we face in the world‚ and every person either benefits from this inequality or is harmed from it. In his Discourse on the Origin of Inequality‚ Jean- Jacques Rousseau discusses the origin of social inequality in humans. Rousseau uses his own theories on the natural and social state of man to express the reason for inequality in mankind. Even though Rousseau’s argument on the reason
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Savage Inequalities By Jonathan Kozol In 1964‚ the author‚ Jonathan Kozol‚ is a young man who works as a teacher. Like many others at the time‚ the grade school where he teaches is of inferior quality‚ segregated‚ understaffed‚ and in poor physical condition. Kozol loses his first job as a teacher because he introduces children to some African American poetry that subtly questions the conditions of blacks in America. Years later‚ after
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the wealthy flourish. Roosevelt is saying that a measure of a country is what they do to make up for this inequality‚ which in Brazil has not been much. Due to Brazil historically being run by elites‚ the current day economic pattern and its effect on the country shows that the elites hold the majority of the wealth within the country while the poor hold the minority of the wealth. This inequality leads to the unequal distribution of education‚ power‚ and health care.
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4 PLANNING FOR URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE Olivier Toutain and S. Gopiprasad URBAN PLANNING: THE ISSUES INVOLVED U rban India today‚ faces serious challenges of growth and its management. Across geographies‚ the issues of urbanization manifest in the form of overcrowding‚ congestion‚ insufficient infrastructure‚ inadequate service provisioning—mainly in terms of drinking water‚ sanitation‚ energy‚ transport‚ solid waste management‚ environmental degradation‚ and pollution‚ etc. These‚ along with the
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heading “Urban Agriculture for Sustainable Development” at City Campus‚ University of Technology Sydney‚ Australia. Urban agriculture is probably as old as our cities‚ but never received much attention from the aspect of planning and governance till now. Urban Agriculture‚ the “integration” of farming into the urban economic and ecological system and also embedded in and interaction with the urban ecosystem such linkages includes the use of urban residents as laborers‚ use of typical urban resources
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Urban Governance for sustainable development 1 URBAN GOVERNANCE FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Dr. Alka Bharat‚ Professor‚ Dept. of Architecture & Planning‚ M.A.N.I.T.‚ Bhopal – 462007‚ India. E-mail: alka_bharat@yahoo.com Ms. Chandan Chawla‚ Architect / Urban Planner.E mail: ccassociates@rediffmail.com INTRODUCTION The importance of sustainability in the urban setting cannot be over emphasized‚ as it concerns the very survival of a city. Healthy cities contribute to a healthy nation. Clean
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I. Introduction Brazil is almost as famous for its inequality as for its soccer. According toFacing Up to Inequality in Latin America‚ the IDB (1998) ranked both Brazil’s total Gini coefficient1 (0.60) and its urban-only Gini coefficient (0.57) as the highest in the region. Its ratio of per-capita urban to per-capita rural household incomes (3.0) was also the highest in Latin America. The World Bank’s point estimates for Gini coefficients‚ listed in Attacking Poverty (WDR 2001) for as many countries
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The rich get richer and the poor get poorer‚ but why? Many subcategories of inequality lead to the bigger heading of social inequality. Social inequality is the inability of people to have equal opportunity (Fonza and Owen). Social inequality and urban poverty are such rampant problems today due to systematic racism‚ pay inequality‚ and gentrification. Through discriminatory federal processes such as redlining‚ minorities still struggle to regain lost footing from decades previous. A large portion
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EFFECTS OF INCOME INEQUALITY: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE USING U.S. COUNTY-LEVEL DATA is an academic article written by Bebonchu Atems. This article or Journal comes from the Journal of Regional Science Vol. 53‚ and was published November fourth‚ 2013. Bebonchu Atems (assistant professor of Economics and Financial Studies) is part of the Department of Economics School of Business at Clarks University. When studies are done on the U.S level on relationship between variables such as income inequality and economic
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UN-HABITAT - WORKING GROUP A Bottom of the Pyramid Approaches for Urban Sustainability Background Paper – Draft 0 At the Fourth Session of the World Urban Forum held in Nanjing in November 2008‚ the private sector decided to organise two working groups which would be based on the themes of Urban Governance and Bottom of the Pyramid Approaches for Urban Sustainability. Through their work‚ the groups will also contribute to the preparation of Core Business Principles for Sustainable Urbanization
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