authorities to engage in criminal behavior in certain situations. Psychopaths: Specific personality types; such individuals lack the moral sense and concern for others held by most normal people. Anomie: A concept first brought into wide usage in sociology by Durkheim‚ referring to a situation in which social norms lose their hold over individual behavior. Differential Association: An interpretation of the development of criminal behavior proposed by Edwin H. Sutherland‚ according to whom criminal
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in Sustainable Urban Systems and the development of sustainable cities and urban contexts is one of the most important challenges of humans’ future. Within the field of IE a specific branch of research is dedicated to Urban Industrial Ecology (UIE) [57]‚ but it is very difficult to exactly determine the birth of the interest in urban research by the IE scholars: Huang et al. [58] argue that a first idea of “urban symbiosis” was already present in Jacob 1961‚ while the term “urban metabolism” was
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Urban retrofitting is the redesign of an existing site or structure in a city to be more environmentally sustainable. To reach sustainability goals in cities‚ making requirements for new buildings to be built will not be enough. The redesign of existing buildings could make a huge impact on the environmental footprint of urban areas. This editorial will discuss urban retrofitting and the views from city residents and city property owners and developers on the matter. Overview The issue that planners
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Urban Slums: Reason for Concern? The definition of a slum varies from one form to another depending on the background or country from which an individual comes from. Someone from a rich country may define slums as old run-down buildings‚ whereas someone from a poor country will define slums as un-serviced haphazard constructions. The universal definition of a slum as found in the dictionary is said to be a heavily populated urban area characterized by substandard housing and filth. Slums are seen
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concentration in an urban area. In other words‚ the process of urbanization is also known as prosesurbanisasi. As a result of this urbanization will cause a change in the total population‚ urban functions‚ land use and the way people live in urban areas (Pacione Michael‚ 2009). In the context of urbanization in Malaysia‚ in Malaysia cities experiencing rapid urbanization process after the country achieved kemerdekaan.Jumlah the city’s population grew rapidly because of rural-urban migration. Among
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Energy and Environment Group Project Problems of urban decay and solutions to HK The running down of the parts in a city which turns it become unsuitable for people to live in is called urban decay. Urban decay leads to the problems in economy (money)‚ society (people) and environment (our surroundings). There have several examples of urban decay. Slum housing‚ provides a poor living condition with overcrowding‚ share outside toilets‚ without hot water and
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Urban morphology is the study of the form of human settlements and the process of their formation and transformation. The study seeks to understand the spatial structure and character of a metropolitan area‚ city‚ town or village by examining the patterns of its component parts and the process of its development. This can involve the analysis of physical structures at different scales as well as patterns of movement‚ land use‚ ownership or control and occupation. Typically‚ analysis of physical form
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UN-HABITAT - WORKING GROUP A Bottom of the Pyramid Approaches for Urban Sustainability Background Paper – Draft 0 At the Fourth Session of the World Urban Forum held in Nanjing in November 2008‚ the private sector decided to organise two working groups which would be based on the themes of Urban Governance and Bottom of the Pyramid Approaches for Urban Sustainability. Through their work‚ the groups will also contribute to the preparation of Core Business Principles for Sustainable Urbanization
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This report will introduce three main urban planning issues: 1. Overcrowding. 2. Transportation. 3. Safety. Overcrowding: Population rate is different from a city to another due many factors‚ however; its growth continues to increase day by day which creates overcrowding. According to the urban planner Le Corbusier‚ in his dream city that mainly contains skyscrapers created a population density and increased the issue of overcrowding‚ on the other hand these high buildings occupy only 12%
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Running head: Creating a Business Urban Outfitters Rommel O. Best Bus 101 Pro. Murfree Abstract The three challenges Urban Outfitters had are getting their product/idea to “mass produce”‚ controlling debt‚ and handle situations where things in the market began to age out. A “niche” product is a product that is manufactured and marketed for specialized uses and different from other products. Three examples of “niche” products are used cloths‚ bohemian knickknack‚ and found objects. The
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