Reasons why it grew? Railway in 1876 Discovery of oil Development of the film industry and aircraft By 2000 14 million people lived there Problems Facing LA Suburban sprawl has led to congested freeways‚ loss of the best farmland and decline of central LA (Donut City) Housing shortages Urban tension – due to ethnic enclaves (1992 there were race riots in the city) Water – having to be piped in from 350kmn away and causing conflicts with other states Waste – 50‚000 tonnes of waste
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A megacity is an urban area with a population of over 8 million; examples include Sao Paulo‚ Mumbai‚ Los Angeles and Beijing. However these megacities face problems‚ for example Mumbai is a megacity which is facing problems as a consequence of rapid growth. Within Mumbai there is a slum area‚ Dharavi which houses 600‚000 people in only one square mile land. This has come as a consequence of rural to urban migration; the rural people are attracted to the city by the “bright light syndrome” and the
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is from the volume: de Sherbiniin‚ A.‚ A. Rahman‚ A. Barbieri‚ J.C. Fotso‚ and Y. Zhu (eds.). 2009. Urban Population-Environment Dynamics in the Developing World: Case Studies and Lessons Learned. Paris: Committee for International Cooperation in National Research in Demography (CICRED) (316 pages). Available at http://www.populationenvironmentresearch.org/workshops.jsp#W2007 AN ASSESSMENT OF URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES USING REMOTE SENSING AND GIS TECHNIQUES: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH. A CASE STUDY:
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Short essay |!|ES04001|!| What are the causes of deterioration of air quality in inner urban areas? How can the air quality in inner urban areas be improved through urban planning and transport development? (12 marks) ## |Causes |4 | |Explain: |urban planning |4 | | |transport development |4 | Suggested answer: |Introduction
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With reference to examples‚ evaluate the success or otherwise of urban regeneration schemes in combating the causes and consequences of urban decline. (40 marks) Urban decline can be defined as the drastic decline of a city into infirmity and disrepair. It is usually characterised by increased unemployment‚ depopulation‚ deindustrialization‚ increased crime and political disenfranchisement. Not only does it cause these problems but also it can make the area look unattractive – consequently less
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What factors have led to urban decline? (15) Political factors After the closure of London Dockland’s in 1980‚ the area was in a near to derelict state as people and businesses quickly moved out of the area. There were a number of causes to the urban decline of London Dockland’s. A number of political factors helped cause the decline. London’s green belt was created in 1947. A green belt is a broad section of land around an area which restricts development and therefore growth‚ minimising suburban
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By Design: Urban Design in the Planning System - Towards Better Practice: main document On 5th May 2006 the responsibilities of the Office of the Deputy Prime Minister (ODPM) transferred to the Department for Communities and Local Government. Department for Communities and Local Government Eland House Bressenden Place London SW1E 5DU Telephone: 020 7944 4400 Website: www.communities.gov.uk Documents downloaded from the www.communities.gov.uk website areCrown Copyright
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The city of Boulder‚ Colorado controls urban sprawling by creating a service area boundary. Some pros to this boundary is that it helps limit new construction and population growth. It limits the building of retail areas to within the city limits and sends the message that unincorporated land should not be urbanized. It keeps focus on specific city areas for development‚ increasing urban renewal and decreasing under-utilization. It establishes a defined area where city utilities and services are
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and management in urban areas. (40 Marks) There are many examples of countries around the world which show examples of hashed and perfect planning and management in urban areas. However there are many variables that affect the difference in which the planning is done across the globe. By 2007 the percentage of the world’s population living in cities was 50 percent‚ and rising with most of the mega cities in LDC’s it is becoming increasingly important to forward plan and manage urban areas to the upmost
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Urban schools by definition are schools located in large cities. However‚ when presented with the term urban schools‚ the challenges associated with urban schools are emphasized‚ such as‚ insufficient funding‚ high-risk schools‚ lack of parental involvement‚ poverty and equity vs. equality. In spite of this‚ urban schools have unique qualities and possess benefits. There are considerations associated with working in an urban school context. The school counselor’s role is crucial in urban schools
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