History of Municipal administration in India The earliest evidence of local management of civic administration in India can be traced to Indus Valley civilization (around 2300 B.C) which was essentially an urban civilization. Commenting on the Indus Valley civilization‚ Golden Childe says “well planned streets and a magnificent system of drains‚ regularly cleared out; reflect the vigilance of some regular municipal government”. The nature of society and governance at local level underwent a significant
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How we use land ’Land use’ is also often used to refer to the distinct land use types in Zoning. Land use is the human modification of natural environment or wilderness into built environment such as fields‚ pastures‚ and settlements. The major effect of land use on land cover since 1750 has been deforestation of temperate regions.[1] More recent significant effects of land use include urban sprawl‚ soil erosion‚ soil degradation‚ salinization‚ and desertification.[2] Land-use change‚ together
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DEFINATION‚ ORIGINS AND GROWTH OF URBSNISATION The urbanization process starts gradually from those growth spots that thrive over other growth spots due to some reasons such as economies of scale and deliberate government policy. Hydraulic‚ religious‚ military‚ agricultural and economic theories help explain the origins of urban areas though one cannot be mutually exclusive to others. a) What is an urban or urban settlement? b) How can the urbanization process be sustainable amidst the challenges that
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Chinese economy: Comparison with Japanese experience" Fisher‚ Allan GB. "Production‚ primary‚ secondary and tertiary." Economic Record 15.1 (1939): 24-38 Islam‚ Nazrul (June 2012): “Urbanization‚ Municipalization and Urban Governance in Bangladesh” Mahbub ul Haq (2014): Human Development in South Asia 2014 – Urbanization: Challenges and Opportunities – 17th Annual Report
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not stop. The drilling goes right through the fossils of last century. But my heart would not bleed poetry. Not a single drop to stain the blueprint of our past’s tomorrow. The poet addresses his unhappiness and anger at the rapid urbanization all around. He believes that the only people to blame are the real estate ‘planners’ whose only objective is to make money. 1) The poet says that the planners only sketch‚ plan and build on all spaces available. He talks about urban space being
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in Kenya: Experiences from Kenya Rural Youth Livelihood Strategies Programme (KERYLIP) Pilot Project in Nyando District-Nyanza Province of Kenya. Nairobi: Youth Employment Summit-Nairobi (YES). World Bank (1982). "Kenya- Economic Development and Urbanization Policy‚" Vol. II. Main Report‚ Washington D.C.
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passing through a phase of rapid urbanization‚ which has been ushered by general development‚ industrialization and the huge influx of population from rural to urban areas in search of better economic opportunities. What would precisely be considered as urban development is achieving balanced growth in an urban area with an eye to equity in employment‚ housing‚ basic services‚ social infrastructure and transportation. With the multifarious growth of urbanization‚ cities today are expanding alarmingly
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pervading issues and problems with the rapid growth and spread of Southern California‚ and outlines measures taken against the expansion. Carle’s resolve and purpose of this essay is to describe and illustrate the issue of the uncontrolled spread of urbanization‚ and the relation of this rapid growth to the quality of life of its inhabitants. Carle outlines rapid‚ spread out growth for problems such as traffic congestion‚ land developers putting pressure on land owners‚ and the accountability of citizens
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All around the world‚ populations are increasing at a rapid rate. More than half of the world’s population lives in urban areas. The combination of rapid urbanization‚ scarce resources‚ and high population growth are taking a toll on individuals living in slums in poor areas such as Mumbai. Since Mumbai is a pretty expensive place to live in‚ it is home to some of the world’s richest and poorest people. “Today‚ over half of Mumbai’s population of over 15 million lives in settlements‚ occupying only
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Midterm Study Sheet The midterm will draw on the following major themes we have discussed so far during the course. As you study‚ please consider not only each individual theme‚ but also the ways in which these themes may be related to one another. Essay questions will be drawn from these themes‚ but may ask you to relate two or more of them within the same question. The best answers will synthesize thematic material we have discussed in lecture with specific details from both lecture and
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