Acute renal failure is the sudden loss of the kidneys ability to function; affecting more than 100‚000 people in the United States alone each year (NIDDK‚ 2008). This paper will discuss the basic pathophysiology of acute renal failure‚ including its cause‚ disease mechanisms‚ symptoms‚ some of the treatments and pharmacological therapies. Pathophysiology Acute renal failure (ARF) is the rapid loss of kidney function occurring when high levels of uremic toxins accumulate in the blood
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Case Study 94 (Small cell lung cancer) 1. What is fiberoptic bronchoscopy‚ and what information will fiberoptic bronchoscopy with endobronchial lung biopsy provide? Bronchoscopy is a procedure that allows the doctor to directly visualize the interior passageways of the lower respiratory tract through a bronchoscope (a long‚ narrow‚ fiberoptic‚ lighted tube inserted through the nose or mouth). With the bronchoscope‚ the doctor can see the larynx (voice box)‚ trachea (windpipe)‚ bronchi (large airways
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age‚ neonatal hypoglycemia‚ erythrocytosis‚ and hyperbilirubinia. Composite morbidity was present in 59% of untreated GDM‚ 18% of treated GDM‚ and in 11% of nondiabetic subjects (Langer et al‚ 2005). The most common complication was macrosomia/LGA (long gestationa age) which affected 46% and 19% of the newborns from treated and untreated mothers with gestational diabetes‚ respectively. The incidence of fetal death was 5.4. 3.6 and 1.8 per 1000 in untreated‚ treated and nondiabetic mothers‚ respectively
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sugars fructose and sucrose are the main ingredients in most sport drinks; fructose is a monosaccharide which means the fructose cannot be broken down into simpler sugars by hydrolysis. Fructose can affect the kidney functions by evaluations in the uric acid; simulating fat synthesis in the liver; increasing the amount of lipid in the bloodstream and increasing the triglyceride levels‚ these all leave devastating effects on your health. Also as the sport drinks have a high amount of sugar present
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Bioelectrochemistry 74 (2008) 62–65 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Bioelectrochemistry j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s ev i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / b i o e l e c h e m Short communication An electro-catalytic biosensor fabricated with Pt–Au nanoparticle-decorated titania nanotube array Qing Kang‚ Lixia Yang‚ Qingyun Cai ⁎ State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics‚ Department of Chemistry‚ Hunan University‚ Changsha 410082‚ PR China A R
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chapter 10 Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. Antidiuretic hormone is released by: A.anterior lobe of the pituitary B.posterior lobe of the pituitary C.hypothalamus D.adrenal glands 2. Excretion primarily rids the body of: A.excess fuels B.undigested food C.minerals D.substances that were involved in metabolism E.All of the choices are correct. 3. Benign prostatic hyperplasia: A.is prostate cancer B.involves enlargement
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DILUTIONS AND STANDARDS Many of the laboratory procedures involve the use of dilutions. It is important to understand the concept of dilutions‚ since they are a hand tool used throughout all areas of the clinical laboratory. These dilutions have to be considered as they make a quantitative difference in what is going on. First‚ there are several terms used in expressing dilution: 1. "Dilution: - Dilutions are expressed as the ratio of the quantity of a desired solute (serum‚ urine‚ chemical solution
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coagulant and allowed to clot at room temperature to collect serum. The serum was separated by centrifugation at 10‚000 x g for 10min in refrigerated research centrifuge. The collected serum sample was used for the estimation of Creatinine‚ Urea and Uric
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increased urination in some people. The excretory system is a close partner with both the circulatory and endocrine system. The circulatory system connection is obvious. Blood that circulates through the body passes through one of the two kidneys. Urea‚ uric acid‚ and water are removed from the blood and most of the water is put back into the
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We report that baseline levels of creatinine and uric acid‚ as well as baseline BMI‚ are strong predictors of disease progression and survival. 3. Clinical decision support system (CDSS) Clinical decision support system (CDSS): A special subcategory of clinical information systems that is designed
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