Healthcare Associated Infections (HAI) Presentation objective: Increase awareness of ways to prevent Healthcare Associated Infections Leann Bibbs Sheila Gerald Fnu Harvinder Kaur Marcela Rodriguez How HAI Costs? Millions of Dollars Much Pain and Suffering Loss of Limb and Life Are the leading cause of preventable deaths •Institute of Healthcare Improvement. (2015) 100‚000 Lives campaign. Retrieved from: IHI.org Individual‚ Family and Community • “The names of the patients whose lives we save
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certain diseases. The environment plays an important role as well. Children in day care centers and in school pass infections around and then take them home and pass them to siblings and parents. This is a cycle that is difficult to break. Children also don’t always practice good hygiene and that makes them both susceptible to as well as good transmitters of disease. Many human infections are caused by either bacteria or viruses. Immunisation is available to prevent many important bacterial diseases
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Function The urinary system helps maintain homeostasis by regulating water balance and by removing harmful substances from the blood. The blood is filtered by two kidneys‚ which produce urine‚ a fluid containing toxic substances and waste products. From each kidney‚ the urine flows through a tube‚ the ureter‚ to the urinary bladder‚ where it is stored until it is expelled from the body through another tube‚ the urethra. The kidneys are surrounded by three layers of tissue: The renal fascia
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NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS Nosocomial Infection is an infection that occurs in a hospital of hospital-like setting. Approximately 10% of American hospital patients contract this infection. There are three factors as to why nosocomial infection exists: 1. A high prevalence of pathogens. 2. A high prevalence of compromised hosts. 3. Efficient mechanisms of transmission from patient to patient. These three factors alone lead not just to a higher chance of transmission
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Healthcare-associated infections are infections affecting the patients while they are receiving treatment for medical or surgical conditions in the healthcare setting such as hospitals‚ community clinics‚ long-term care facilities‚ dialysis centers or outpatient surgical centers‚ and others. They are the most common complication of clinical setting‚ they affect 4% of patients. There are many types of healthcare-associated infections such as Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)‚ Vancomycin-resistant
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spread of infection Outcome 1: understand the causes of infection Bacteria are a very small‚ self-sufficient‚ one-celled organism that thrives in a variety of environments. However‚ many bacteria thrive in the mild 98.6 health body environment‚ some of these environmentally content bacteria in your body are actually good for you; its only 1% that isn’t. Some examples of the sicknesses that bacteria cause are; * Impetigo * Meningitis * Tuberculosis * UTI (urinary tract infections)
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Unit 20 – Causes and Spread of Infection 1.1 Identify the differences between bacteria‚ viruses‚ fungi and parasites. Bacteria‚ fungi and parasites are all considered as ‘living’ things‚. Bacteria are single celled microorganisms that can only been seen through a microscope‚ they collect their nutrition from their surrounding and unlike viruses‚ they do not need a living host to reproduce. Viruses are difficult to destroy because they are enclosed in a protein coating. Viruses are disease-producing
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Healthcare acquired infections also known as nosocomial infections are defined as an infection obtained by a patient 48 hours or later after admission into a healthcare service. Any infections thought to be obtained prior to 48 hours are considered to be obtained within the community (Gould et al‚ 2000). This standard of the 48 hour inoculation period is however arbitrary as it has remained the standard for many years despite the variable rate of incubation in different bacteria (Ami et al‚ 2003)
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ear infection. Otitis refers to an ear infection and media means middle. So‚ acute otitis media is an infection of the middle ear‚ which is located behind the eardrum. When should a parent suspect a infection? When a child becomes ill with fever‚ is irritable‚ and usually complains of pain in the ear. Many children who develop ear infections will first have colds. However‚ ear pain can be caused by other problems‚ such as a sore throat‚ without an ear infection. Ear infections are
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Discussion Questions – Urine 1. The results obtained for this urine sample (U19) shows that the patient is infected with urinary tract infection. This is identified by the high amount of colonies observed on Horse Blood Agar (>108/L)‚ mild amount of protein (30 mg/mL) and very high amount of red blood cells (Large+++) found in the urine. The bacterium identified in this specimen is Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This is confirmed by involving many tests and observation‚ such as Gram stain‚ oxidase test
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