material for ethanol production. Ethanol production is composed of 5 general steps‚ grinding‚ cooking‚ fermentation‚ distillation and benefitability. Alpha amylase is used during the cooking step to hydrolyse starch into fermentable sugars2. Alpha amylase uses amino acids on the active site to cleave bonds so that the substrate will be broken down and new bonds can be formed. It cleaves the substrate in the middle by breaking the alpha linkages 1‚4 of starch. The purpose of this ERT is to compare and contrast
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Overview of Central Public Sector Enterprises The government-owned corporations play a pivotal role in the economic development of emerging economies because their participation is higher in the industrial and commercial activities of these economies. Resource constraints and limited scope of the private sector in the early stages of development and planning have set the stage for predominance of the public enterprises in these economies. Thus‚ public sectors in the leading developing countries
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electrons are the electron in the outermost electron shells of an atom. They are generally the electrons involved in chemical reactions and bonding with other atoms. b) Lewis electron: It is a structural demonstration of a molecule where you can use dots to show the position of the electron around the atoms and lines. c) Octet rule: It is referring to the principle that bonded atoms share their eight outer electrons. There rule of the octet is sometimes broken. d) Cations/Anions: It is an
Free Atom Electron Covalent bond
the molecular geometry‚ hybridization‚ and whether the molecule is polar or nonpolar. Where appropriate‚ indicate resonance structures. A) XeF4 B) BrF3 C) CO3-2 2) Give Lewis structures for the following. Use formal charges to determine the best ones. A) NCO- B) ClO3- 2. The molecular geometry of the hydronium cation (H3O+) is …? A. trigonal B. trigonal pyramidal C. tetrahedral D. trigonal bipyramidal
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primary sector is declining because it is running out of natural materials such as oil for example‚ this could mean that people would start to lose their jobs in this sector and it would be increasing growth in the tertiary sector. Although the secondary sector is also declining. These two sectors are declining due to a few reasons such as it is cheaper to import resources and materials such as coal‚ darming products etc‚ and there is an increase on the use of technology. The primary sector is focused
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Literature Review on households / individual carbon footprints Households’ carbon footprints have fluctuated on a regular basis for many years. Why is this the case? Surely our carbon footprint should be reducing with ever increasing pressures from Governments and NGOs to consider the consequences of our lifestyles on the future of our planet. This is not the result though‚ “our needs and desires are expressed in the consumer demand for commodities‚ and it is this demand for goods and services which
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USING REDOX AND DOUBLE DISPLACEMENT (PRECIPITATION) REACTIONS Objectives: 1. Learn how to determinate the percent composition 2. Learn how to get the percent using oxidation reduction and double reactions 3. To become more familiar with the use titration techniques 4. To learn how to get the salt out of an quimical Background: To develop and utilize procedures to determine the percent composition‚ of ZnCI2. As well titrating with NaOH solution. After all the experiment we got hta salt
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ORGANISED AND UNORGANISED SECTOR One of the two main tasks entrusted to our commission is to propose umbrella legislation for workers in the unorganised sector. We have also been asked to see that the legislation‚ and the system that will be built around it‚ will assure at least a minimum protection and welfare to workers in the unorganised sector. We are deeply conscious of the urgency and importance of this task. In fact‚ both the main tasks entrusted to our commission are urgent and difficult
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Arenes The aromatic hydrocarbons also have the name arenes. They contain in their molecule one or more cycles made up from 6 carbon atoms. When the molecule is formed out of a single cycle‚ the hydrocarbons are mono nucleuses; when the molecule contains more than one cycle‚ the hydrocarbons are poly nucleuses. The simplest aromatic hydrocarbon‚ benzene‚ is compound out of just one such cycle; its formula is C6H6. The representation of benzene through a cycle of 6 carbon atoms with 3 double bounds
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India’s financial Sector and Monetary policy Reforms—by sonam bhati Introduction The financial crisis of 2008 has exposed weakness of the financial systems not only in developed countries but also in major Emerging Market Economies (EMEs). However‚ the intensity of its spillover effects varies across countries depending upon extent of the regulatory shortcomings. While bailout packages and stimulas packages became common in advanced economies‚ the domestic financial system has been insulated
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