confidence intervals The confidence intervals represent upper and lower bounds of variation around each reference forecast. Values may occur outside the confidence intervals due to external shocks‚ such as extreme weather‚ structural changes to the economic system‚ geopolitical events‚ or technology development. The confidence intervals increase in width throughout the forecast period due to the increasing level of uncertainty in each subsequent year. The upper and lower bounds were based
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Accountability‚ Representation and Control Abstract This paper is concerned with the concepts of accountability; representation and control explain the euro debt crisis in detail. The author takes a deeper journey into the meaning of occurs of Euro sovereign debt crisis by use of definition of ARC to in-depth explain this issue. We propose further examination of the ARC relating to the Euro sovereign debt crisis in order to propose a prosperous and harmonious of Euro zone. Table of Content
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3603 01 30 September 2013 Social Control Theory vs. Self-Control Theory According to the idea of control theories‚ an individual who has for some reason or another cut ties with the “conventional order” so that he or she is now free to commit any criminal or deviant acts (Cullen & Agnew‚ 2011 P216). Travis Hirschi‚ in 1969‚ created the Social Bond Theory of crime‚ aka Social Control theory; two decades later he joined Michael Gottfredson to create the Self-Control Theory. It seems that‚ over time
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Cost Value Reconciliation (CVR) seeks to improve cost control by collating and analysing established totals for costs and value to illustrate the margins profitability of on a project. CVR achieves this by requiring the provision of statutory accounts in addition to the Standard Statement of Accounting Practice number 9 (SSAP9) and secondly provision of all information which have direct implications on the management operations on all levels of the company. This second requirement must be detailed
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Organizational Control Techniques Control techniques provide managers with the type and amount of information they need to measure and monitor performance. The information from various controls must be tailored to a specific management level‚ department‚ unit‚ or operation. To ensure complete and consistent information‚ organizations often use standardized documents such as financial‚ status‚ and project reports. Each area within an organization‚ however‚ uses its own specific control techniques‚
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now regards the commitment it made in 1992 as outdated. The decline in ticket prices means that planes with 50 or 70 seats are no longer profitable‚ and consequently the company wants to purchase aircraft with 95 and 110 seats from manufacturers Bombardier and Embraer and fly them using lower-paid pilots from Lufthansa subsidiaries. The pilots’ union fears that this will gradually undermine all prevailing collective agreements. The upcoming industrial dispute goes “far beyond the scope of Lufthansa
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Checklist for Evaluating Internal Controls ACC/544 April 29‚ 2013 Christine Errico Checklist for Evaluating Internal Controls Internal controls are methods a company implements to safeguard and protect the company in its day-to-day operations as well as its financial information. To ensure these controls are effective and performing properly a company must evaluate these controls. In performing this evaluation a company should use the three phases of the control evaluation. These phases consist
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2‚ Issue.1‚ Jan-Feb 2012 pp-458-463 ISSN: 2249-6645 AUTOMATED UNMANNED RAILWAY LEVEL CROSSING SYSTEM J. BANUCHANDAR#‚ V. KALIRAJ#‚ P. BALASUBRAMANIAN#‚ S. DEEPA*‚ N. THAMILARASI* * P.S.R ENGINEERING COLLEGE‚ STUDENT‚ B.E (ECE)‚ SIVAKASI‚ INDIA ASSISTANT PROFESSOR‚ DEPARTMENT OF ECE‚ P.S.R ENGINEERING COLLEGE‚ SIVAKASI‚ INDIA # Abstract In the rapidly flourishing country like ours‚ accidents in the unmanned level crossings are increasing day by day No fruitful steps have been taken so far in these
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Gun Control: Hand Guns Gun Control: Hand Guns “Strict gun control” is a set of legal restrictions meant to enforce scarcity of firearms among the citizenry (Stell‚ 2004). The imposition of gun restrictions are intended to control gun related incidents by making guns harder to possess. Primarily‚ the main objective of gun laws is to control the kinds of firearms that an individual can purchase. The laws authorizes’ the majority of people to buy and own firearms but at the same time
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3.8.2 Integral Control To address the first issue with the proportional control‚ integral control attempts to correct small error (offset). Integral examines the error over time and increases the importance of even a small error over time. Integral is equal to error multiplied by the time the error has persisted. A small error at time zero has zero importance. A small error at time 10 has an importance of 10 times error. In this manner‚ integral increases the response of the system to a given error
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