Chapter 12 Capital Structure and Leverage LEARNING OBJECTIVES After reading this chapter‚ students should be able to: • Explain why capital structure policy involves a trade-off between risk and return‚ and list the four primary factors that influence capital structure decisions. • Distinguish between a firm’s business risk and its financial risk. • Explain how operating leverage contributes to a firm’s business risk and conduct a breakeven analysis‚ complete with
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for liberalisation of Industry in our country. 1) Heavy Reduction in Import Duty. 2) Foreign Equity Participation. 3) Elimination of Industrial Licensing System. 4) Encouraging Monetary and fiscal policy. 5) Introduction of SEBI and other financial measures. All above resulted into import of equipment‚ raw materials‚ components etc. very low prices. Also their features‚ specification quality etc. are far superior than indigenous products. Products are readily available with goods service
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in the capital structure of India Inc. are as follows: Key observations: * Indian corporate employ substantial amount of debt in their capital structure in terms of the debt-equity ratio as well as total debt to total assets ratio. * As a result of debt-dominated capital structure‚ the Indian corporate are exposed to a very high degree of total risk as reflected in high degree of operating leverage and financial leverage and‚ consequently‚ are subject to a high cost of financial distress
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STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES 13 November 2013 AA01 PART 2 – PROJECT WORK STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE 1. Introduction a. Induction of new workers Philosophy ABC Kindergarten (ABCK) follows the philosophy and guidelines from the Ministry of Education for the Education of Young Children to offer a high quality early childhood program that provides a safe‚ healthy‚ and nurturing environment. ABCK is accredited through the Ministry of Education for the Education of Young Children. In
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2.1 TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM A. Batch Operating System- Batch processing is the most primitive type of operating system. Batch processing generally requires the program‚ data‚ & appropriate system commands to be submitted together in the form of a job. Batch operating systems usually allow little or no interaction between users & executing programs. Examples of such programs include payroll‚ forecasting‚ statistical analysis‚ & large scientific number-crunching programs. Serial processing combined
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Instructor Resources disc. Principles of Operating Systems: Design & Applications Chapter 1 Introduction to Operating Systems Objectives After studying this chapter‚ the student should: Be able to discuss ways of defining the operating system Understand the different roles the OS plays Have a general picture of the areas of OS responsibility Have a general understanding of the evolution of operating systems 3 Principles of Operating Systems: Design & Applications Objectives
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Solution Cost of Capital at Ameritrade | | • Executive summary: Formed in 1971 and listed in March 1997‚ Ameritrade has been one of the most successful players in the deep- discount brokerage sector. Ameritrade’s two major sources of revenue‚ Transaction income (brokerage commissions‚ clearing fees‚ and payment for order flow) and Net interest revenues that were generated from net balance of customers’
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CAPITAL GAINS According to income tax act 1961 ‘capital gains’ is the fourth head of income. Any profit or gains arising from the transfer of capital assets during the P.Y. shall be chargeable to income tax under the head capital gains and shall be deemed to be the income of P.Y. in which the transfer took place. Thus from a plain reading – Profits or gains earned on the sale of capital assets by an assessee during the P.Y. is called as capital gains. Meaning of Capital Asset: Capital asset means
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Contents Introduction 3 Base Data 3 Financial Data Analysis 3 Trend and Growth Analysis 3 Common Size Analysis 3 Ratio Analysis 4 Profitability ratios‚ 4 Solvency ratios 4 Activity Ratios 4 Du-Pont Analysis 5 Qualitative details of the financial report data 5 Chairman’s letter highlights 5 Directors’ report highlights 5 Management Discussion and Analysis 5 Auditor’s report highlights 6 Significant Accounting Policies 6 Revenue Recognition 6 Depreciation 6 Foreign Currency Transaction
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be easy reading. Please assist fellow students. Financial Markets bring together borrowers and lenders of funds. They bring aggregate saving into equality with aggregate investment. Consumers have different time preferences for their consumption. Producers use capital until its marginal revenue productivity equals its opportunity cost in interest charges. These are Paretian optimal solutions for welfare maximization. Enjoy. Dr. Scott The Capital Market The previous chapter described
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