Killing Is Never Justified Capital punishment‚ by definition‚ is the legal killing of an individual. Now‚ how someone could be killed legally when murder is universally recognized as a violent and serious crime. It is irrevocable‚ meaning that once an inhabitant of death row pays the ultimate price. The death penalty is corporal punishment in its most severe form and is considered to be the ultimate form of retribution for those who have committed society’s most heinous crimes‚ including rape
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Deontology focuses on the rightness or wrongness of actions themselves whereas utilitarian focuses on rightness or wrongness of the consequences of those actions. Utilitarianism is the idea that the action’s moral value is based on its degree of maximizing pleasure and happiness as a consequence of the action. Hence‚ greater happiness the more beneficial or morally right it is based on this theory. It is a form of consequentialism compared to deontology which only takes into account of the moral
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DEONTOLOGY vs UTILITARIANISM The theory of deontology is derived from the writings of German philosopher Immanuel Kant (1724-1804). Kant stated that a universal law should provide the basis for each act‚ and that the intention was of more importance than the result. Deontology is a duty-based ethical position‚ where one ’s actions are based on what is ethically correct‚ regardless of the consequences (Porche‚ 2004). Deontological theories hold that actions are morally right
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One of the core assertions of John Stuart Mill’s book‚ Utilitarianism‚ is that Utilitarianism can and should provide the basic moral framework for an individual’s decisions. He argues‚ often convincingly‚ that if all of society followed a system of morals dedicated to the maximizing public well-being‚ or utility‚ everyone would benefit. This perspective places the burden of decision making overwhelmingly on the individual who is not necessarily capable or properly equipped to make decisions which
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Jeremy Bentham’s Utilitarianism Utilitarianism is one of the most powerful and persuasive approaches to normative ethics in the history of philosophy. Though not fully articulated until the 19th century‚ proto-utilitarian positions can be discerned throughout the history of ethical theory. Though there are many varieties of the view discussed‚ utilitarianism is generally held to be the view that the morally right action is the action that produces the most good. There are
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Explain the main strengths of Mill’s Utilitarianism. (25) Mill argues that the pleasures of the mind should take precedence over physical pleasure and that once basic human requirements are fulfilled the primary moral concerns should be for higher order goods. Mill rejected Bentham’s Hedonic calculus because he believed that other values were needed to be taken into consideration when measuring people’s happiness like freedom and emotions. Seeing as Mill succeeded Bentham as a famous utilitarian
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researcher. Example: In sociology‚ in measuring the effect of education on income or wealth‚ the dependent variable is level of income/wealth and the independent variable is the education level of the individual. 3- Define: Reliability: It means whether a test or measuring tool used‚ measures something consistently. Also‚ the extent to which measurement differ from occasion to occasion as a function of measurement error. Note: error is the difference between one’s observed score and one’s
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PHIL 2200 REVIEW QUESTIONS1) Etymologically‚ what does Philosophy mean? Ancient Greek: Philo – Love‚ Sophia – Wisdom/knowledge. The love of wisdom.2) What is epistemology? Theories of knowledge 3) What is ontology? The study of being.4) What is ethics? A system of moral principles.5) According to Singer‚ what are four things that ethics are not? Particularly concerned with sex An ideal system which is useless in practice Something only intelligible in context with religion Relative or Subjective
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attempt to find this by applying a rule or several rules that seem to fit with outcomes that we most commonly find are “good”. An ethical based individual moral objective would be to seek the action that has the most affectionate consequence‚ a utilitarianism person would argue for the greatest amount of happiness‚ a Kantianism’s rule would be to follow the categorical imperative‚ and maybe Natural law‚ we do what is in accordance with the purpose of what is believed to be morally correct. There are
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and Rule Utilitarianism Since it began‚ there have been two main exponents of Utilitarianism. They are Jeremy Bentham and J S Mill‚ and both of them base their own individual theories on the principle of utility‚ which defines something (an act‚ etc) dependent on if it achieves "the greatest happiness for the greatest number". This makes Utilitarianism a relativistic and consequentialist argument‚ as it takes into account only the outcome of events rather than the act itself as means to determine
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