LITERARY THEORY A Very Short Introduction Jonathan Culler Chapter 2 What is Literature and Does it Matter? What is literature? You’d think this would be a central question for literary theory‚ but in fact it has not seemed to matter very much. Why should this be? There appear to be two main reasons. First‚ since theory itself intermingles ideas from philosophy‚ linguistics‚ history‚ political theory‚ and psychoanalysis‚ why should theorists worry about whether the texts they’re reading are literary
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First Language Acquisition “The capacity to learn language is deeply ingrained in us as a species‚ just as the capacity to walk‚ to grasp objects‚ to recognize faces. We don’t find any serious difference in children growing up in congested urban slums‚ in isolated mountain villages‚ or in privileged suburban villas” Dan Slobin‚ The Human Language Series 2 (1994) 1 First Language Acquisition Every language is complex. Before the age of 5‚ the child knows most of the intricate system of grammar. Use
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Teun A. Van Dijk‚ in his essay "Pragmatics and Poetics‚" explains the reason for speech is "to change the internal state of the hearer" (Dijk 30). Ferdinand de Saussure describes in his essay‚ "Nature of the Linguistic Sign‚" how a word is more connected to the minds of the speaker and the hearer than to anything else. He describes that the "linguistic sign" as a unit formed equally by the association of a "concept" and a "sound-image." The "sound-image" is what one would call a spoken word‚ something
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form of religious practice‚ may be either individual or communal and take place in public or in private. It may involve the use of words or song. When language is used‚ prayer may take the form of a hymn‚ incantation‚ formal creed‚ or a spontaneous utterance in the praying person. There are different forms of prayer such as petitionary prayer‚ prayers of supplication‚ thanksgiving‚ and worship/praise. Prayer may be directed towards a deity‚ spirit‚ deceased person‚ or lofty idea‚ for the purpose of worshipping
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develop slowly. 2.5 Development is sequential with similar and special functions. These are sequences in development which cannot be changed. For example in motor growth‚ sitting precedes standing and in language development‚ babbling comes before the utterance of syllabus. It explains the learning of phylogenetic functions utilized in ontogenetic functions. 2.6 Development is integrated. The individual grows and develops in his totality. 2.7 Development is a product of hereditary and environment. The extent
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patterned materials Visual cliff experiments determined whether infants had any depth perception Newborns have mature perception skills Changes in heart rate of very young infants Development of language Telegraphic speech- the kind of verbal utterances in which words are left out‚ but the meaning is usually clear Language and thought are closely intertwined. Both involve using symbols Psychologist argue that language is a learned behavior while others claim that it is inborn 10 months is
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True/False 5. At what age do verbal repairs tend to be repetitions? Between 1-3 yrs old. 6. What are the 3 stages in children’s development of talk about past experience? Elicited and maintained by an adult. General descriptions with longer utterances‚ Specific descriptions with less adult support. 7. At what
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Philipa Kerckerinck 11.7.01 Prof. Nasrallah CSP 12 Prophetizing- Peaches and Cream Philipa Kerckerinck 11.7.01 Prof. Nasrallah CSP 12 Prophetizing- Peaches and Cream All religions are very specific with the details which set that religion apart from others. However‚ when all the little details are melted away‚ there are only a mere handful that are different in essence. When looked at closely‚ even the religions which are perceived completely dissimilar at first
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Abstract Modality refers to the expression of speakers’ opinion or attitude towards the proposition that the sentence expresses or the situation that the proposition describes‚ or the speakers’ judgment of the likelihood of the proposition being true. While modal auxiliaries are “helping words”‚ functioning as helpers to make up verb phrases‚ they are prohibited from being used independently. The present study attempts to conduct a corpus-based study on three modal auxiliaries should‚ ought to and
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ASSIGNMENT OF SEMANTICS Exercise 1: Match the term with their corresponding definitions 1.Lexical meaning a. The relationship that holds between a word or expression and te objects it refers to. 2. Grammatical meaning b. the ability of a word to identify all those things or objects that are correctly covered by it. 3. Hononymy c. The meaning of a word tht depends on its role in a sentence and varies with inflectional form. 4. Polysemy d. The substitution of one word for anoter with which
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