1. Provide a comprehensive description of the experiment Thomson used to discover the electron. Thomson was experimenting with electric discharges in electric discharge tubes when he found that it would glow when a high voltage was applied in a gas volume at low pressure‚ while it was known that the glow in the gas was something to do with the cathode and the negative pole of the high voltage‚ Thomson continued with his experiments with the rays coming from the cathode and he found that the rays
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Introduction To Scanning Electron Microscopy At the completion of the prac‚ the practical experience of operating a scanning electron microscope is sufficient to operate the particular machine in the future. During the experiment‚ two different gold plated samples are analysed under the SEM and compositional and topographic information is identified and analysed. Both the information is derived by changing the working distance‚ accelerating voltage‚ aperture size‚ probe current‚ resolution and
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Honors 1-18-12 Relative Solubility of Transition Elements Introduction: In this lab we evaluate the solubility of compounds of iron‚ copper‚ zinc‚ and mercury in both water and acid. Coming into the lab we know that iron‚ copper‚ and zinc are all found in the the same row of the periodic table‚ while zinc and mercury are found in the same column. The transition metals are found in groups 3 to 12 and periods 4 to 6. Rows are known as periods and columns are known as groups. They share characteristics
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pairing of electrons take place in (n-1)d orbital causing repulsion i.e. shielding of (n-1)d orbital. Group 11 &12 elements i.e. Cu & Zn have bigger size due to strong shielding of completely filled (n-1)d orbital. The transition elements show variable oxidation state due to small energy difference between (n-1)d &ns orbital as a result both (n-1)d &ns electrons take part in bond formation. The highest oxidation state of an element is equal to number of unpaired electrons present in
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Hi my name is kake456 When writing the chemical formula for an ion‚ its net charge is written in superscript immediately after the chemical structure for the molecule/atom. The net charge is written with the magnitude before the sign; that is‚ a doubly charged cation is indicated as 2+ instead of +2. However‚ the magnitude of the charge is omitted for singly charged molecules/atoms; for example‚ the sodium cation is indicated as Na+ and not Na1+. An alternative (and acceptable) way of showing
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Topic: Millikan Oil-Drop Experiment The Millikan Oil-Drop experiment was the first experiment to determine the charge of an electron. In 1909‚ Robert Millikan ultimately came up with a way to determine this charge through finding the minute electric charge on a droplet from an oil mist. Basically‚ Millikan started with an enclosed chamber that had two flat plates inside‚ one with a positive charge and one with a negative charge. The portion is split up by the positively charged plate so at the beginning
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Notes for WK2 – 10 September Lesson 1 * State the resolution and magnification that can be achieved by an electron microscope. * explain the need for staining samples for use in electron microscopy Lesson 2 * calculate linear magnification of an image such as photomicrograph or electron micrograph Key words * Resolution= the ability to distinguish 2 separate points as distinct from each other. * Magnification= the number of times greater an image is than the actual object
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Electron Transport Chain The first step in the electron transport chain process is for the NADH2 produced during glycolysis‚ the intermediate step‚ and the citric acid cycle to be attracted to Complex I (FMN ·FeS)due to its high affinity for NADH2. This attraction pulls NADH2 to Complex I (NAD dehydrogenase) and the two electrons from H2 are pulled off by the FeS (ferrous sulfate) leaving two H+ ions and NAD+. These molecules repel each other and this results in the NAD+ being recycled
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cells were revealed. More recent developments in biological specimen preparation have come from biochemists and physicists who have used the microscope to examine cells and tissue‚ utilizing a diverse range of techniques available. The fact that electron micrographs appear in most text books and research papers on cell structure and constituents‚ emphasize the importance of microscopy to the biologist faced with the enormous variety of experimental practices existing today for the analysis of cells
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Electron Microscopy Electron microscopy is used to examine specimens which require greater detail than can be seen when using the light microscope. In comparison to light microscopes electron microscopes provide a clearer picture‚ greater magnification and greater resolution. There are two types of electron microscope; the scanning electron microscope and the transmission electron microscope. Electron microscopes use electromagnetic and electrostatic lenses and some are able to magnify the specimen
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