Red Cabbage Indicator Aim – To create a pH indicator out of a red cabbage solution and to construct a basic pH scale to determine the pH of unknown solutions. Materials - • red cabbage leaves • 250 mL beaker • hotplate or Bunsen burner‚ tripod‚ gauze mat and bench mat • 10 test-tubes – equal size • test-tube rack Methods - Part A: Making the indicator 1. Tear up one or two red cabbage leaves‚ and place them in the beaker with enough water so that the cabbage is just covered. 2. Heat the beaker
Premium Water Acid Base
the effects of an incorrect pH level. pH measures the concentration of hydronium ions and can be modeled by the function p(t) = −log10t. The variable t represents the amount of hydronium ions; p(t) gives the resulting pH level. Water at 25 degrees Celsius has a pH of 7. Anything that has a pH less than 7 is called acidic‚ a pH above 7 is basic‚ or alkaline. Seawater has a pH just more than 8‚ whereas lemonade has a pH of approximately 3. 1) Create a graph of the pH function either by hand or using
Premium Water Acid Base
Buffers‚ and pH‚ and Diffusion oh my The pH of a solution is the measure of the concentration of charged Hydrogen ions in that given solution. A solution with a pH lower than seven is considered to be acidic. A solution with a higher pH is a base. It is very important for organisms to maintain a stable pH. Biological molecules such as proteins function only at a certain pH level and any changes in pH can result in them not functioning properly. To maintain these constant pH levels‚ buffer solutions
Premium PH Buffer solution Hydrochloric acid
both small and large networks. Unlike some network layer protocols‚ TCP/IP is specifically designed to facilitate the routing of info over a network of arbitrary complexity. TCP/IP operates primarily at layers three and above‚ and includes provisions to allow it to function on almost any lower layer technology‚ including LANs‚ wireless LANs‚ and WANs of various sorts. One of the most amazing characteristics of TCP/IP is how scalable its protocols have proven to be. The TCP/IP standards are not proprietary
Premium IP address Internet Internet Protocol Suite
The Kyoto Protocol‚ which took effect on February 16‚ 2005‚ aims to reduce the amount of greenhouse gas emissions around the world. The debate whether the issue of climate change is valid or whether it is an exaggerated theory is still ongoing. Given that the Kyoto Protocol raises economic concerns and that it lacks overall effectiveness‚ Canada and businesses in general should not be in favour of it. This is in part because of the treaty’s conditions and partially because of the actions of other
Premium Kyoto Protocol Greenhouse gas Global warming
Zone Routing Protocol in Computer Networking (ZRP) Abstract Routing protocols for mobile ad-hoc networks have to face the challenge of frequently changing topology‚ low transmission power and asymmetric links. Both proactive and reactive routing protocols prove to be inefficient under these circumstances. The Zone Routing Protocol (ZRP) combines the advantages of the proactive and reactive approaches by maintaining an up-to-date topological map of a zone centered on each node. Within
Premium Routing protocol Routing
Armadillium vulgare taxis response to different pH levels. Abstract The terrestrial isopod‚ Armadillium vulgare is commonly referred to as a slater or pill bug. Since transitioning from the sea to land and originally colonizing in Mediterranean regions‚ it has adapted throughout evolution to inhabit local microhabitats. The pill bug is bound by several parameters and also has specific requirements that need to be met for optimal biological functioning. As such‚ behavioural and physiological
Premium Taxis Woodlouse PH
CRITICAL PARAMETERS AFFECTING PROCESS VALIDATION Steevan Dominic Introduction Validation is an integral part of quality assurance; it involves systematic study of systems‚ facilities and processes aimed at determining whether they perform their intended functions adequately and consistently as specified. Validation in itself does not improve processes but confirms that the processes have been properly developed and are under control. Adequate validation is beneficial to the manufacturer in
Premium Quality control Control system Control engineering
Single phase induction type energy meter is also popularly known as watt-hour meter. This name is given to it. This article is only focused about its constructional features and its working. Induction type energy meter essentially consists of following components: 1. Driving system 2. Moving system 3. Braking system and 4. Registering system Driving system It consists of two electromagnets‚ called “shunt” magnet and “series” magnet‚ of laminated construction. A coil having large number
Premium Magnetic field
Sliding Window Protocol Introduction: Sliding window protocol is used where a reliable transmitting of frame is required. It relies on packeting the frame queue to a definable window size which is provided to sender and receiver. Sliding window protocol defines maximum transmitter window size‚ Ws which is always one less than the sequence number. How transmitter window is defined: It is contains the data that are ready to be send. The lower limit in transmitter window which is waiting for
Premium Transmission Control Protocol OSI model Radio