CHAPTER 12: CAUSAL-COMPARATIVE RESEARCH CAUSAL AND COMPARATIVE RESEARCH: DEFINITION AND PURPOSE -Causal-comparative research is sometimes treated as a type of descriptive research since it describes conditions that already exist. • -Causal comparative research attempts to determine reasons‚ or causes‚ for the existing condition • -In causal-comparative or ‚ex-post facto‚ research the researcher attempts to determine the cause‚ or reason‚ for preexisting differences in groups of
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Advertising Standards Canada Guidelines for the Use of Comparative Advertising Guidelines for the Use of Research and Survey Data to Support Comparative Advertising Claims Advertising Standards Canada first published the Guidelines for the Use of Comparative Advertising and Guidelines for the Use of Research and Survey Data to Support Comparative Advertising Claims in 1982. They were designed to assist advertisers to develop comparative advertising that was consistent with the provisions of the
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discusses the valuation of stocks and bonds. It says that in textbooks‚ the valuation of stocks and bonds is simply stated as the present value of all the future cash flows expected from the security. The concept is logical‚ straightforward‚ and simple. The valuation of bonds is usually presented first‚ since the relatively certain cash flows are broken into an annuity and a payment of the par value at some specific date in the future. Preferred stock valuation follows bond valuation and the value
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Dhruv Grewal‚ Sukumar Kavanoor‚ Edward F. Fern‚ Carolyn Costley‚ & James Barnes Comparative Versus Noncomparative Advertising: A Meta-Analysis Previous research and reviews on comparative advertising report mixed results. The authors report the results from a meta-analysis that examines the efficacy of comparative advertising. The analysis shows that comparative ads are more effective than noncomparative ads in generating attention‚ message and brand awareness‚ levels of message processing‚ favorable
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Handout on Comparative Reading for English 2 Description: The requirement is inspired by Lisa Bu’s experience with reading. She found happiness in the world of books after losing her dream of becoming a Chinese opera singer. Her experience synthesizes the reading texts covered in the first part of the preliminary grading period on: What is Reading‚ Stages of Reading‚ Importance of Reading‚ Processes of Reading‚ and The Types of Reading. Having her experience and insights as a model‚ you are expected
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COMPARITIVE ESSAY TOMORROW WHEN THE WAR BEGAN & THE LORD OF THE FLIES When first comparing the two novels‚ Tomorrow When the War Began (TWTWB) and The Lord of the Flies‚ they appear to have similar themes. Some of these being the setting and the lack of adult supervision. However‚ in having a more thorough look there is a lot of diversity in the stories. Some of these differences include the ages of the characters as well as the relationships between the protagonists. The diversity is also
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1.Lexicology as a branch of linguistic study‚ its connection with phonetics‚ grammar‚ stylistics & contrastive linguistics. Lexicology is the branch of linguistics that deals with the lexical component of language. The lexicon holds information about the phonetic‚ phonological‚ syntactic‚ semantic and pragmatic properties of words and consequently has a central role in these levels of analysis. It is also a major area of investigation in other areas of linguistics‚ such as psycholinguistics‚ typological
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The first extract is from a novel called “Chocolat” by Joanne Harris which was published in 1999‚ whereas the second extract is from a website of the “From Bean to Bar” chocolate company which was published in 2006. Both extracts concern themselves with chocolate and the way it is manufactured‚ although they both have different intentions. The first extract is from a novel and describes the delightful pleasure of creating chocolate‚ whereas the second extract is used to promote and advertise the
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Religion is a set of practices and beliefs that allow human beings to search for the meaning of life and the purpose of their existence. These common practices set the foundation for such beliefs to have validity. Every individual must wonder why he/she exists on earth. Questioning about the purpose in one’s life and whether or not there is meaning allows an individual to seek a supernatural‚ Supreme Being or some form of deity. Technically‚ religion is essentially the passing of stories‚ embedded
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I have sent emails to you to talk about my devised topic. My topic is to talk about memorable characters: round and dynamic‚ flat or static. These characters play different roles for different purpose. I will choose one character form each of Charlotte ’s Web and Hana ’s Suitcase that I find are important to their stories. I will examine their development‚ their purposes in the text and their overall impact on the themes. The round and dynamic characters in Charlotte’s Web and Hana’s
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