2.0 FINANCIAL RATIOS 2 Liquidity Ratios Liquidity ratios measure a business ’ capacity to pay its debts as they come due. It also measures the cooperative’s ability to meet short-term obligations. Liquidity refers to the solvency of the firm’s overall financial position – the ease with which it can pay its bills. Because a common precursor to financial distress and bankruptcy is low or declining liquidity‚ these ratios can provide early signs of cash flow problems and impending
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FINANCIAL RATIO ANALYSIS Based on the table 1‚ it shows that the financial ratio was divided into four parts which are liquidity‚ assets management‚ long-term debt paying ability and profitability. Liquidity ratios are particularly interesting to short-term creditors and it is focus on current assets and current liability. In addition‚ General Thumb of rule for the current ratio should be at least 2:1. For the Gemini Electronic the current ratio is consistent and it is increase in year 2006. But
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Business valuations are an important issue that is always overlooked by many people. Most people are focused on making profit‚ and other things take the least priority. People will rather buy business magazines about making money and improving sales. They are interested in business opportunities and ventures. Making profit is important‚ but how secure are you with the future? A business valuation shows you what the future looks like. The approach to business valuations depends on your type of organization
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The purpose of DCF-Valuation is to determine the value of a company in terms of its future cash flows. The cash flows are adjusted with certain items (e.g. those not related to company´s core businesses or those with no cash effect) in order to make sure the flows reflect the actually generated cash as good as possible. This document describes DCF valuation in detail and in our valuation model. If you would like to get an overview of valuation in general or practical examples (numerical and graphical)
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Valuation of securities: RBI has issued guidelines for valuing both the quoted and unquoted securities. Valuation of Quoted Securities: The market value for the purpose of periodical valuation of investments included in the Available for Sale and the Held for trading categories would be the market price of the scrip from any of the following sources: • Quotes/Trades on the Stock exchanges • SGL Account transactions • Price list of RBI • Prices declared by Primary Dealers Association
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liability or asset for the estimated future tax effects attributable to temporary differences and carryforwards. 45-5 The valuation allowance for a particular tax jurisdiction shall be allocated between current and noncurrent deferred tax assets for that tax jurisdiction on a pro rata basis. 30-22 Examples (not prerequisites) of positive evidence that might support a conclusion that a valuation allowance is not needed when there is negative evidence include‚ but are not limited to‚ the following: *
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3 February 17‚ 2013 The article‚ “The Sharpe Ratio and the Information Ratio”‚ by Deborah Kidd is about the original risk-adjusted performance measure and they are Sharpe ratio and the Information Ratio. William Sharpe designed the first performance metric to insolate excess return per unit of total risk taken. The Sharpe ratio shows whether a portfolio ’s returns are due to smart investment decisions or a result of excess risk. The Sharpe ratio measure dividends average portfolio excess return
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Lecture 03: Applying the Time Value of Money to Security Valuation – Valuation of Bonds and Debt Securities A bond or a debenture is a long term debt instrument carrying a fixed rate of interest which is known to investors. A bond is redeemable after a specified period. Bonds are also called gilt edged securities or gilt when issued by the government since it is free of default risk. Features of a Bond or Debenture • Face Value – Face value is called par value. A bond / debenture is generally
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growth of the industry growth at times. |Years |1999 | |Square Pharmaceuticals Limited |20.06 | |Incepta Pharmaceuticals Limited |7.53 | |Beximco Pharmaceuticals Limited |7.09 | |The Acme Laboratories Limited |5.25 | |Eskayef Pharmaceuticals Limited |4.64 | |ACI Limited |4.52 | |Opsonin Chemical Industries Limited
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CHAPTER 7 Bonds Valuation CHAPTER ORIENTATION This chapter introduces the concepts that underlie asset valuation. We are specifically concerned with bonds. We also look at the concept of the bondholder’s expected rate of return on an investment. CHAPTER OUTLINE I. Types of bonds A. Debentures: unsecured long-term debt. B. Subordinated debentures: bonds that have a lower claim on assets in the event of liquidation than do other senior debtholders. C. Mortgage bonds: bonds
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