Present value is where the value on a set date of a future payment is discounted to reflect the time value of money and other factors. This can also apply to a series of future payments. Present value calculations are commonly utilized in business and economics to provide a way to compare cash flows at different times. Present value can be described as the current worth of a future sum of money or stream of cash flows given a specified rate of return. (http://www.getobjects.com) Future cash flows
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goods and services. The Say’s Law of Market: Proposition‚ Implication and Criticism he Say’s Law of Market: Proposition‚ Implication and Criticism! Say’s Law: Say’s law of markets is the core of the classical theory of employment. An early 19th century
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. To find the PVA‚ we use the equation: PVA = C({1 – [1/(1 + r)]t } / r ) PVA = $60‚000{[1 – (1/1.0825)9 ] / .0825} PVA = $370‚947.84 The present value of the revenue is greater than the cost‚ so your company can afford the equipment. 7. Here we need to find the FVA. The equation to find the FVA is: FVA = C{[(1 + r)t – 1] / r} FVA for 20 years = $3‚000[(1.08520 – 1) / .085] FVA for 20 years = $145‚131.04 FVA for 40 years = $3‚000[(1.08540 – 1) / .085] FVA for 40
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Book value: The book value of ordinary share is the net worth of a corporation less the par value of preference shares outstanding divided by the number of ordinary shares outstanding. Suppose the net worth of a company contains the following information viz; Preference shares (Rs. 100 per share): 1000000.00 Ordinary share (Rs.5 per share): 1500000.00 Share premium:
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* MARKET VALUE 1. Understand that the first component of value is "utility." It means that whatever you are delivering to your customer has to be fit for the purpose the customer will give to it. In essence‚ for any goods or service you deliver to a customer‚ having utility means that the customer can enhance the performance of their own assets‚ or remove some sort of constraint that prevents them from receiving more values from their assets * If it is a car wash‚ the car has to end up
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Define Values. Critically evalutae “Allport – Vernon” Classification of values. How values affect the Business processes. Values : According to Milton Rokeach 1973‚ Values represent basic convictions that ’a specific mode of conduct or end-state of existence is personally or socially preferable to an opposite or converse mode of conduct or end-state of existence’. Value system : A hierachy based on a ranking of an individual’s values in terms of their intensity Types of values include ethical/moral
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Since the dawn of civilization‚ revolutionary advancements in cultural and technological development appear to erupt suddenly and seemingly without reason. For instance‚ Alexander the Great’s conquest of the Persian Empire inadvertently led to a golden age in many fields of art‚ literature‚ mathematics and science which lasted for centuries. A few hundred years later‚ Constantine’s Edict of Milan and his contributions to religious tolerance set forth the entrenchment of one of the largest and oldest
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TIME VALUE OF MONEY 1. If you were scheduled to receive Rs 100‚000 five years hence‚ but you wish to sell your contract note for its present value‚ which type of compounding would you rather have the purchaser of your contract note to use to find the purchase price‚ 8 percent compounded: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Continuously Quarterly Semi-annually Annually None of the above 2. According to the rule of 69‚ the doubling period is equal to (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) 0.25 + (69/ Interest rate) 0.35 + (69/ Interest
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ARTICLE IN PRESS international business review International Business Review 17 (2008) 385–401 www.elsevier.com/locate/ibusrev Born globals: Propositions to help advance the theory Mika Gabrielssona‚Â V.H. Manek Kirpalania‚b‚c‚ Pavlos Dimitratosd‚e‚ Carl Arthur Solbergf‚ Antonella Zucchellag a Helsinki School of Economics‚ Lapuankatu 6‚ P.O. Box 1210‚ 00101 Helsinki‚ Finland b Marketing Department Bloomsburg University‚ USA c Concordia University‚ Montreal‚ Canada d Athens University
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"Pricing is actually a pretty simple and straightforward thing‚" Johnson told the Associated Press during an interview ahead of the announcement at the company’s Plano‚ Tex. headquarters. "Customers will not pay literally a penny more than the true value of the product." Penney’s plan comes as stores are struggling to wean Americans off of the profit-busting bargains that they have come to expect in the weak economy. The move is risky‚ though‚ because shoppers who love to bargain-hunt may be turned
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