Running head: CHLORHEXIDINE GLUCONATE PREOPERATIVE SHOWER Chlorhexidine Gluconate Preoperative Shower Christine Elizabeth Costlow Annapolis Hospital POHA / PACU September 30‚ 2012 Chlorhexidine Gluconate Preoperative Shower “Each year‚ more than 18 million surgical procedures are preformed in US hospitals. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 2.7% of these are complicated by surgical-site infections (SSIs)‚ accounting
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action. Active against: Streptococci‚Penumococci‚Enterococci‚Haemophilus influenzae. Binds to bacteria cell wall‚ resulting in cell death‚ spectrum is broader than that of penicillin. Addition of sulbactam increases resistance to beta-lactamase‚ enzymes produced by bacteria that may inactivate ampicillin. | * Treatment of infections caused by susceptible strains of Shigella‚ Salmonella‚ E.Coli‚ Haemophilus influenza‚ S. typhosa‚ N.Gonorrhea‚ enterococci‚ gram-positive organisms * Meningitis caused
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thermotolerant coliforms and E. coli are indicators in the strict sense of the definition. Non-faecally-derived Can used to determine non-faecal shedding. The absence of these organisms‚ however‚ does not guarantee safety‚ as some pathogens are more resistant to treatment than the indicators‚ no perfect indicator organisms 3. Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccal bacterium that is a member of the Firmicutes‚ and is frequently found in the human respiratory tract and on the skin. Red-color
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Introduction: Being able to identify a particular bacterial species is important. It is very useful in knowing its risk of toxicity to humans or animals‚ its resistance or susceptibility to antibiotics‚ and determining how to control its growth or kill it altogether. The purpose of these procedures is to discovery the identity of an unknown microbe by observing its reactions to a barrage of chemical and physical tests. Different microorganisms react in different ways‚ due to their function‚ digestibility
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viral replication. This laid the foundation for antiviral drug discovery in subsequent decades as molecular targets in the viral replication cycle began to be identified. The 1950s also saw the discovery of vancomycin‚ a glycopeptide which was developed much later for use against methicillin-resistant staphylococci infections. The era of recombinant DNA technology and molecular cloning began around the mid-1970s. The PCR (polymerase chain reaction) of the 1980s resulted in major advances in biotechnology
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Introduction The dirtiest thing you own maybe your cell phone. Imagine what touches your phone the most‚ probably your hands and face. Since cell phones are everywhere and have become one of the most helpful tools of our generation‚ they have their drawbacks. The use of cell phones happens everywhere today‚ one place being the hospital. From a study of phones and spreading of bacteria associated with health care associated infections‚ Karabay states‚ “Our study reveals that mobile phones may
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MRSA carriage routine surveillance cultures at the time of admission is recommended. • Use of vancomycin if MRSA colonization is documented. • MRSA infections result in increased cost‚ hospital stay and mortality. • •
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Q1A: What is a fecal transplant (also called a fecal microbiome transplant‚ or a poop transplant)? Fecal transplant is to obtain fecal‚ or poop‚ sample‚ mix it with saline‚ and place it in patients. This treatment is used to treat clostridium difficile infection which is caused invasion of an anaerobic‚ gram-negative‚ spore-forming bacteria. This invasion is due to the treatment of antibiotics. When a patient acquires antibiotics‚ all the good bacteria is suppressed‚ and the purpose of fecal transplant
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bacteria to clean up toxins pathogenesis: ability of an organism to be pathogenic virulence factors: toxins‚ receptors‚ cellular composition innate immune response v.s. adaptive immune response MRSA: Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureas (treatment is Vancomycin) Bonding sequence: atoms → molecules → cells → tissues Atoms: protons + neutrons +electrons protons: found in the core‚ positive charge‚ equal to atomic number neutrons: also found in the core‚ neutral charge‚ contribute
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is a universal threat to both humans and animals for treatment of microbial infections. The antibiotic resistance is generally not preventable but can still be controlled. Prolonged and repeated use of antibiotic leads to many pathogen becoming resistant to antibiotics. The resistance may be either intrinsic or acquired depending on the condition. Although classically attributed to chromosomal mutations‚ resistance is most commonly associated with extra-chromosomal elements acquired from other bacteria
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