Curiosity: What is the effect of temperature of saline on cardiac output? HYPOTHESIS: Cardiac output is higher in a hot saline and low in cold saline temperature parameters. Educated Guess Answer: Phenomenally cardiac output is supposed to rise in hot saline conditions and drastically go down in cold saline conditions. Normalising Data Table 2.1: Cardiac output normalised data of frogs in normal‚ hot and cold saline conditions Normal Hot Cold FROG SV(mV/beat) HR(beat/min) Cardiac output(L/min)
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Nursing Diagnosis: Excess fluid volume related to inactivity‚ secondary to congestive heart failure‚ as manifested by rapid weight gain‚ pitting edema in extremities‚ elevated blood pressure‚ bilateral crackle lung sounds‚ bradypnea‚ and dyspnea. Goal: Absence of fluid retention by discharge Desired Outcomes: 1. Blood pressure within regular limits by discharge 2. Absence of edema by discharge 3. Slow progression of weight gain by day 2 of admission 4. Ease of respirations
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Rolando Valdes April 15‚ 2013 EAP 1540 Cause and effect Essay Smoke Do you know how many smokers get sick in U.S.A. every year? More than 2.0 million people are diagnose with different diseases due to the smoking habit. Smoking harms nearly every organ in the body‚ including heart‚ blood vessels‚ lungs‚ eyes‚ mouth‚ bones and digestive organs. In this essay we’ll focus in heart and lung diseases. The chemicals in tobacco damage your blood cells. Also‚ they damage the function of heart. This
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Caitlin Collins Anatomy Dec.2013 Good afternoon Mr. Lowe‚ my name is Caitlin and I am the education nurse. I want to talk to you about your recent diagnosis of hypertension or high blood pressure. First and foremost Mr. Lowe‚ I would like to explain to you what high blood pressure is then we will go on to talk about what are some thing you can do to keep your blood pressure normal and where it is supposed to be. High blood pressure is the pressure your blood is traveling through your
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Q 1) what do you understand by the term systolic blood pressure? Systolic blood pressure is the pressure exerted against artery walls created when the heart contracts to push oxygenated blood throughout the body. As blood pressure is represented by 2 numbers‚ systolic blood pressure is the upper number. A normal systolic blood pressure is 120 or below although it largely depends on the physical properties and capabilities of the individual. Q 2) what do you understand by the term diastolic blood
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The muscular system is what is responsible for the way that we move. Without the muscular system‚ we wouldn’t be able to participate in the normal activities that we do today. There are 700 known/named muscles that are attached to the human skeleton. There are three different types of muscle that can be found in the human body. The Visceral muscle which can be found inside organs such as the stomach. This type of muscle is controlled by the unconcious part of the brain. This muscle is also known
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The human body consists of eleven major organ systems that maintain homeostasis: the skeletal‚ muscular‚ circulatory‚ nervous‚ respiratory‚ digestive‚ urinary‚ endocrine‚ reproductive‚ integumentary and lymphatic systems. These organ systems are dependent on each other to keep the human body in homeostasis. For example‚ the nervous and endocrine systems coordinate functions of other body systems because they allow information to be communicated throughout the body. The nervous system consists of
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Aortic Dissection An aortic dissection is a tear in your aorta. The aorta is the main blood vessel that carries blood out of your heart to supply the rest of your body. It comes out of your heart and curves around‚ then goes down through your chest (thoracic aorta) and into your belly (abdominal aorta). The wall of the aorta has inner and outer layers. Aortic dissection occurs most often in the thoracic aorta. This is more likely to happen if the inner layer of the aorta has a weak spot or gets
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The patient should lay on a couch and be at rest and relaxed to facilitate a true reading. 2. The patient’s left arm should be supported and with relaxed fingers. The cuff of a sphygmomanometer should be placed on the upper left arm. Using a hand held Doppler‚ the probe should be placed below the lower edge of the cuff‚ over the bifurcation of the brachial artery. 3. The cuff should be inflated beyond the expected systolic pressure in order that the pulse disappears as the artery is closed by the
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http://www.medicinenet.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=9218 Intermittent claudication: An aching‚ crampy‚ tired‚ and sometimes burning pain in the legs that comes and goes -- it typically occurs with walking and goes away with rest -- due to poor circulation of blood in the arteries of the legs. In very severe claudication the pain is also felt at rest. Intermittent claudication may occur in one or both legs and often continues to worsen over time. However‚ some people complain only of weakness
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