granting or withholding money for them to do so. One way they do this is with categorical grants which are grants given to states to the national government that have a specific purpose defined by law. Categorical grants are competitive because states apply for this type of grant and federal chooses the ones they want to fund. . They are used to create school lunch programs‚ health care programs‚ etc. An advantage of categorical grants is that the programs
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Paper #1 In A Critique of Utilitarianism‚ Bernard Williams argues that when following a Utilitarian approach for moral dilemmas‚ Utilitarianism might have us sacrifice or modify our moral integrity. Williams explains this argument with a hypothetical execution situation with protagonist Jim. Jim‚ who is a botanical expeditionary‚ accidentally wanders in the central square of a small South American town. There‚ he finds twenty Indians tied up in a row‚ with several armed soldiers standing in front
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acceptable and what is not. As time goes on‚ society evolves‚ so do the right and wrongs‚ our values and morals‚ and ethics. In philosophy‚ there were three ethical theories by Aristotle‚ Kant‚ and Bentham & Mill and they were the "Golden Mean"‚ "Categorical Imperative"‚ and "Greatest Good for the Greatest Number" respectively. Aristotle believed the one goal everyone strived for was "happiness" for one’s ownself. If you were a happy person‚ that would eventually lead to being a good person. He
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June; 8th 2012 Introduction In this research paper I will discuss what Dr. DoRight‚ of Universal Human Care Hospital will do when he discovers that patients within the hospital have been dying as a result of a variety of illegal procedures by doctors and nurses and negligent supervision and oversight on their part. I will analyze the rights of employees to health and safety in the workplace. I will address the duty of loyalty‚ and conflicts of interest between
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Philosophy is the systematic explanation. Science is description‚ generalization‚ or law and demands a single explanation‚ which is philosophy. The explanation which philosophy offers is what must be the case in order for something to be as it is. Thales was an astronomer who was the first to predict an eclipse of the sun in 585 B.C. Thales said that the universe is one thing which was water‚ or matter. Thales lived in Miletus‚ then part of Greece and now present day Turkey. Herakleitos said
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some of the greatest‚ most useful scientific advances of all time that affect people today. Although Bacon’s contributions were majorly philosophical‚ he helped change the direction of scientific advances. He shifted the idea of using deductive syllogism‚ as proposed by Aristotle‚ to inductive reasoning from fact‚ axiom‚ to theorem. The scientific and philosophical contributions that Francis Bacon gave impact the world today. Bacon and Rene Descartes both are Francis Bacon- (22 January 1561 – 9
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the board of trustees‚ the superintendent‚ administration‚ certificated staff‚ classified staff‚ students and their families and those community members that are involved in various means within the district. Development of Budget There are a variety of factors affecting the budget of Pleasanton Unified School District. One is the continued increase in enrollment. Pleasanton has seen a slight increase over the years of growth with the anticipated enrollment being 14‚740 which is an increase of
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stockholders‚ and how they used the company as their own person “ATM” machine in order to support their extravagant lifestyles. We will go on to discuss and focus on what is meant by the duties and rights of deontological ethics and how Kant’s Categorical Imperatives might be applied to both those issues. Finally‚ we’ll take a look at what a deontological framework of business ethics looks like and how applying it to the two problems mentioned above might have made a difference for both the Rigases
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According to Kant‚ the fundamental principle of morality must be a categorical‚ rather than a hypothetical imperative‚ because an imperative based on reason alone is one that is a necessary truth‚ is a priori‚ and is one that applies to us because we are rational beings capable of fulfilling our moral obligations. Kant explains this essential truth is how "an action as objectively necessary in itself apart from its relation to a further end". This refers to how if the supreme principle of morality
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refers to duty‚ which is usually determined without regard to circumstances or consequences where as utilitarian reasoning always considers circumstances and consequences. A good case can be made that classic deontological theories‚ like Kan’t categorical imperative‚ are just utilitarian theories very well disguised. Utilitarianism: Utilitarianism is an ethical system that is most often attributed to philosophers such as John Stuart Mill and Jeremy Bentham. Utilitarianism believes that the most
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