on the same leaf or plant and can spread to neighbouring plants through leaf to leaf contact. Tuber and corm rot Tuber infections are characterized by patches of brown to purple discoloration on the potato skin. Cutting just below the skin reveals a dark reddish brown‚ dry corky rot. Heavy infection can give rise to total loss of the tubers. Light infections can occur and are difficult to detect. Media and antibiotics for isolation of Phytophthora from diseased plant tissue and soil The
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1. Name and describe the life cycle of plants. The plant life cycle is consisted of two parts: the gametophyte phase where it produces gametes by mitosis and the sporophyte phase which produces spores by meiosis 2. Contrast the life cycle of plants to that of animals: Typical life cycle: alteration of generation (plants)‚ diploid (animals) Resulting structure from meiosis: spores-plants‚ gametes-animals Occurrence of mitosis: gamete production-plants‚ zygote to individual-animals 3. Compare
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related prokaryontes Evidence of O2 increase: Rust in rock (= Fe oxide) dates to 2.75 bya Increase in O2 cause FeO precipitation FeO (solid) rock sediment O2 level generated 2.75 bya only 10% more of current Major O2 increase came later with plant colonization of land (chapter 25) Fungal and animals arose from protest ancestors Animals arose form a choanoflagellate-like protest Animals and fungi evolved from protest ancestors Unikonta Supergroup Unikonta= flagellated protists or
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Fern is a flowerless plant that has feathery or leafy fronds and reproduces by spores released from the undersides of the fronds. Ferns have a vascular system for the transport of water and nutrients. *Characteristics of Seedless and Vascular Plants: Includes: ferns‚ club mosses‚ and horsetails Have vascular tissue They are able to grow bigger and taller Within vascular plants is the phloem‚ the vessel that transports food‚ and the xylem‚ which transports water Vascular plants actually live in both
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In the alternation of generations life cycle of plants‚ gametes are produced by the gametophyte. homospores. fruit. sporangia. strobili. Characteristics of eudicots include all EXCEPT two cotyledons. woody or herbaceous plants. leaves with netted veins. vascular bundles arranged irregularly in the stem. flower parts in fours and fives. Which plant structure is not found in the lycophytes? microphylls microspores archegonia rhizome Gymnosperm are characterized by producing "naked seeds". Which
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Chapter 29 An Overview of Land Plant Evolution 1. Describe four shared derived homologies that link charophyceans and land plants. a. The complexes that produce cellulose are rose shaped in both charophyceans and land plants. Next both have peroxisome enzymes that help minimize the loss of organic products from photorespiration. The structure of their flagellated sperm is very similar. Finally‚ both form a phragmoplast during cell division. 2. Distinguish among the kingdoms Plantae‚ Streptophyta
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photosynthetic‚ plants found in the biosphere Most are autotrophs (synthesize own food with help of solar energy) Contains about billion types of plant species Based on biologists‚ plants are divided into four main groups: 1. Phylum Bryophyta 2. Phylum Pteridophytae 3. Phylum Angiosperms 4. Phylum Gymnosperms These four main groups were classified based on: The presence/absence of vascular tissues (xylem and phloem; transport of nutrients) The presence/absence of seeds Two types of plants 1. Non-Flowering
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the water. Obtaining water and minerals from different sources means you need various structures and features to suit each source. For aquatic environments the water and minerals are obtained and absorbed through the surface of the plants whereas for terrestrial plants the minerals and water they need is obtained through the root
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6‚ NO. 9‚ SEPTEMBER 2011 ARPN Journal of Agricultural and Biological Science ©2006-2011 Asian Research Publishing Network (ARPN). All rights reserved. ISSN 1990-6145 www.arpnjournals.com PROMISING ANTIFUNGAL EFFECT OF SOME FOLKLORIC MEDICINAL PLANTS COLLECTED FROM EL- HAMMAM HABITAT‚ EGYPT AGAINST DANGEROUS PATHOGENIC AND TOXINOGENIC FUNGI Department of Bioprocess Development‚ Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute‚ Mubarak City for Scientific Research and Applied Technology
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Coniferophyta - vascular plants with true roots - gymnosperms = “naked seeds” - cones/strobili - have seeds that develop on the surfaces of sporophylls instead of in ovaries like angiosperms - microsporangium produces pollen grains (sperm) and the megasporangium produces the egg - sporophyte generation is dominant - no water needed for fertilization – pollen travels with the wind Pine trees - monoecious (separate male and female cones on the same plant) - have
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