smooth muscle Well developed tunica adventitia o 2. Medium (ex. Great saphenous vein) Have valves to maintain direction of flow Musculovenous pump - squeezes the vein to propel the blood to the heart o 3. Small (Venules) Unite to form venous plexuses • Veins have valves - Which helps the blood return to the heart without falling back arteries veins thick walls (due to smooth muscle in tunica
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Eastern European heritage develops chest pain and is taken to the ED‚ where he is diagnosed with angina. During his assessment‚ the nurse hears carotid bruits. 1. Explain how the nurse would assess for carotid bruits? •When assessing the jugular venous pressure‚ you would palpate the carotid upstrokes and auscultate for carotid bruits (Bickley & Szilagyi‚ 2017). To assess for carotid bruits ask the patient to stop breathing for approximately 15 seconds‚ place the diaphragm near the upper end of
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Differences in Competencies between nurses prepared at the Associate-Degree level versus the Baccalaureate-Degree level with Patient Case Scenario By: Jaylene Leinbach Grand Canyon University: NRS 430-V November 8‚ 2014 Nursing is a dedication to provide care and support to individuals‚ families‚ and the community. Nurses are patient educators; educating patients on healthier life choices‚ proper medication administration‚ caring for their wounds‚ and how to use health care equipment such
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CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM OF THE HEAD NECK The cardiovascular system consists of the heart‚ blood vessels‚ and the approximately 5 liters of blood that the blood vessels transport. Responsible for transporting oxygen‚ nutrients‚ hormones‚ and cellular waste products throughout the body‚ the cardiovascular system is powered by the body’s hardest-working organ — the heart‚ which is only about the size of a closed fist. Even at rest‚ the average heart easily pumps over 5 liters of blood throughout
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OCCURING WITHIN THE BODY THAT AID IN VENOUS RETURN. 1. Respiratory "Pump". Pressure changes that occur in the thorax during breathing. 2. Muscular "Pump". Contraction and Relaxation of skeletal muscles surrounding the veins 7 WHY ARE THE WALLS OF ARTERIES PROPERTIONATELY THICKER THAN THOSE OF THE CORRESPONDING VEINS? Because the blood is pumped directly into arteries so there is more pressure on the arteries 8 THE ARTERIAL SYSTEM HAS ONE OF THESE; THE VENOUS SYSTEM HAS TWO BRACHIOCEPHALIC
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ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE HEART Anatomy: The heart and heart wall layers: The heart is located in the left side of the mediastinum; it consists of three muscle layers the Endocardium‚ myocardium‚ and epicardium. The epicardium is the outermost layer of the heart. The myocardium is the idle layer of and actual contracting muscle of the heart. The endocardium is the innermost layer and lines the inner chambers and heart valves. Pericardial sac: The pericardial sac encases and protects
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Name:_____Sarah Goldammer______________ Date:___10/29/14____________ Provide a copy of your completed data worksheets. Data Notebook Table 1. Changes during the Dive Response Heart Rate (BPM) Pulse Amplitude Rest 106.55 0.01631 15 Seconds into the Dive 75 0.02312 End of the Dive 53.73 0.015 30 Seconds after Dive 73 0.054 Table 2. Changes during Breath-holding Heart Rate (BPM) Pulse Amplitude Rest 90 0.016 15 Seconds into Breath-hold 68 0.0219 End of Breath-hold 66.5 0.0435
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pulse pressure‚ bradycardia * Positioning: need specific instructionsAssess for s/s of meningitis: fever‚ chills‚ HA‚ +Kernig’s or Brudzinski’s‚ photophobia#Head injuries require immobilization#Difference b/t subdural & epidural hematoma-subdural=venous & older‚ epidural=arterial & youngerEpidural Hematoma: Arterial pg 1557 * Develops RAPIDLY in the potential space between the dura & skull‚ can strip dura away from skull * Momentary loss of consciousness followed by a lucid period from few hours
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cerebral artery problem ER care • Thrombus and Embolus-anticoagulant • Hemorrhage-heparin • Know the cause and prioritizing the intervention • Airway-Hemiplegia Pt easily gets tongue obstruction • Turn the head to the side • 10-30* HOB for better venous return • O2 • IV • VS • Assessment-Neuro‚ pupil‚ Glasgow coma scale‚ Ask Pt Q ex) Raise your hand‚ Squeeze my hands. • 48-72 time line is so important • TPA clot buster should be administer in 3 hr Respiratory system-Airway • Side lying
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Syndrome •Clinical term used to describe the manifestation of hepatic venous outflow obstruction •Secondary to hepatic vein thrombosis •Or to the narrowing/occlusion of the inferior vena cava (Khan 2009‚Val DC 2003) Ostial stenosis web thrombus Abdominal vein Liver Stomach Gallbladder Enlarged caudate lobe Inferior vena cava Portal vein (Menon et al.‚ 2004) Budd Chiari Syndrome • Primary type -Endoluminal venous (I.e. Thrombosis of lumen) • Hypercoagulable state -polycythaemia
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