How things flow through the heart: • blood drains into the right atrium through the superior vena cava‚ inferior vena cava‚ and the coronary sinus (drains the heart muscle itself)→Right Ventricle→pulmonary semilunar valves→lungs→pulmonary veins→left atrium→bicuspid valve→left ventricle→aortic semilunar valve→systemic circuit. What the valves do: • Prevent backflow into the atria and ventricles‚ ensuring that blood only flows one way through the heart. what vessels bring blood to the heart and
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Geriatrics DATE OF CONSULT: 02/24/---- REASON FOR CONSULT: Acute on chronic renal failure. Patient is an 87 year old Caucasian male who has a history of hypertension‚ severe peripheral vascular disease‚ chronic renal insufficiency‚ and atrial fibrillation. He was admitted yesterday for treatment of an infected toe. The plan was to obtain an angiogram to check patients’ blood flow; however he was discovered on admission labs to have acute on chronic renal failure‚ patient states he is unaware of
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EXTERNAL EXAMINATION The body is that of an adult white mail. The body has been in bombed. The head is normal cephalic. Their is gray hare distributed oyer the scalp. The ears are without legion. The nose is without legion. The eyes have been capped. The mouth has been sealed. At the right base of the neck their is a sutured embalming wound. The chest is symmetric and stable. The abdomen is rounded. Their is an old healed surgical wound between the umbilicus and the pubis in the midline. The scar
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Ms. Boehmer has systolic heart failure. She has reported symptoms of dyspnea with exertions‚ orthopnea (evidenced by “sleeps on two pillows” at night)‚ fatigue (evidenced by “she often feels tired”) and edema (evidenced by “reports that ankles are often swollen in the evening”) alterations in urination (evidenced by “nocturia X 2 and reports she sometimes has a strong urge to void and does not always make it to the toilet in time”). Physical examinations demonstrate S3 gallop. Cardiomegaly is present
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Cardiomyopathy also known as the “heart muscle disease” is a deterioration of the function of the myocardium. This sometimes leads to heart failure. People with this disease are often at risk of dangerous forms of irregular heartbeat and sudden cardiac death. The term cardiomyopathy generally apply’s to any disease affecting the heart. Usually it is used for severe myocardial disease leading to heart failure. Different cases of myocardial diseases can be categorized as extrinsic or intrinsic. The
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CHAPTER 3 Maternal Physiology Michael C. Gordon Body Water Metabolism 42 Osmoregulation 43 Salt Metabolism 43 Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System 43 Atrial and Brain Natriuretic Peptide 44 Cardiovascular System 44 Heart 44 Cardiac Output 45 Arterial Blood Pressure and Systemic Vascular Resistance 46 Venous Pressure 47 Central Hemodynamic Assessment 47 Normal Changes That Mimic Heart Disease 47 Effect of Labor and the Immediate Puerperium 48 Respiratory System 49 Upper Respiratory
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disease causes myocardial workload to increase‚ contribute to inflammation‚ and neurohumoral changes. At the same time‚ it activates the sympathetic nervous systems (SNS) as well as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)‚ which can lead to ventricular remodeling. The myocardium dilates as the result of myocardial extracellular structure disruptions due to the remodeling. Over time‚ the dilation of the ventricle causes contractility reduction. Decreased contractility causes dilation of the heart
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Exercise and Obesity One issue in American society today that is a growing danger to both adults and children is obesity. The terrifying fact is that approximately 12.5 million children in America aged 2-19 suffer from obesity‚ along with over 78 million adults (Ogden‚ Carroll‚ Kit‚ Flegal‚ 2012). Being overweight is hazardous to one’s health; fortunately there is a simple solution that provides multiple health benefits. Exercise and changing daily eating habits has been proven to help people overcome
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Maria Volkova1 and Raymond Russell‚ III*‚1‚2 Anthracycline Cardiotoxicity: Prevalence‚ Pathogenesis and Treatment Curr Cardiol Rev. 2011 Nov; 7(4): 214–220.Published online 2011 Nov. doi: 10.2174/157340311799960645 The family of anthracycline drugs originated in the 1950’s with the identification of daunorubicin from the soil bacterium Streptomyces peucetius . In the 1960’s‚ daunorubicin was found to be quite effective in treating leukemias and lymphomas. Also in the 1960’s‚ a derivative of daunorubicin
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Essay on Congestive Heart Failure According to a recent study‚ people over 40 have a 1 in 5 chance of developing Congestive Heart Failure in their lifetime. Nearly 5 million people in the United States—mostly older adults—already have Congestive Heart Failure‚ and the number of people with Congestive Heart Failure keeps rising. About 550‚000 people develop Congestive Heart Failure each year. This is because people are living longer and surviving heart attacks and other medical conditions that
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