manufacturing When first created‚ GM foods were to improve crop protection for easier growth and shipping. Now they are used to enhance taste and visual appearance. Why do we use them? Virus resistance is achieved through the introduction of a gene from certain viruses which cause disease in plants. Virus resistance makes plants less susceptible to diseases caused by such viruses‚ resulting in larger manufacturing. Difference between “natural” and “ORGANIC” In the food industry today
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and bacterial genetics Virus Not living‚ nucleic acids and proteins Viriods and prions Viriods: Single stranded circular Rna Prions: only protein Bacteria Living‚ prokaryotes 1 Seven characteristics common to life Cells and organization Energy use Respond to environmental change Regulation and homeostasis Growth and development Reproduction Change over the course of generations 2 Viruses Over 4‚000 different types of viruses Virus have their own genomes‚ but
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area. The virus can be carried out by bodily fluids equaling to saliva‚ semen‚ fluid in the female genital tract‚ as well as fluid from herpes sores. Once the virus has contact and successfully entered the mucous membranes‚ it begins to replicate. Replication of this virus allows the breakouts to become more frequent. The virus is then transported within the nervous system to their roots‚ where it remains latent‚for some period of time. During this inactive periods‚ the virus cannot be transmitted
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reactivity of the surface glycoproteins‚ the haemagglutinin (H1-H16) and the neuraminidase (N1-N9) molecules (Fouchier et al.‚ 2005). Equine influenza (EI) is caused by two subtypes H7N7 and H3N8. Outbreaks due to H7N7 are limited as the isolation of the virus has not been reported since last two decades. Recent infection in India (2008-2009) was associated with H3N8 (Virmani et al.‚ 2009). As per the seroservillance report of year 2012-13‚ 21 out of 1482 samples were found to be positive for equine influenza
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very close contact between the two species. When the cetacean morbillivirus infects the host cell‚ it stays in the infected host for only a short time after infection (Ohishi 186). Once a host cell gets infected with the cetacean morbillivirus‚ the virus can be spread from animal to animal by contact with infected animals through entry of the eyes‚ stomach‚ and mouth‚ wounds in the skin‚ or reproductive tract. The cetacean morbillivirus can also be transmitted from an infected animal to a healthy host
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One Health- Exam One 1. A) Why is the One Health paradigm important? The One Health initiative is a change in basic assumptions that focuses on surveillance of the environment‚ animals‚ and humans to predict occurrence of an outbreak before it happens. This is important in improving the health of communities because preventative measures will be used and it also makes people aware of what could happen if preventative measures were not taken. Scientists and doctors worldwide collaborate to develop
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fungi‚ and bacteria. Viruses that infect bacteria are called bacteriophages‚ or phages. The nucleic acid of a virus is protected by a protein coat called the capsid. Each capsid is composed of protein subunits called capsomeres. In some viruses‚ the capsid is covered by an envelope‚ which usually consists of some combination of lipids‚ proteins‚ and carbohydrates. Depending on the virus‚ envelopes may or may not be covered by spikes‚ which are carbohydrate-protein complexes that project from the
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The virus known as Measles There are many viruses today that at one time were a deadly disease‚ however because of advances in technology and vaccinations‚ we no longer give them a second thought. Prior to the discovery of a vaccination‚ the United States reported a total of over 50‚000 cases of measles outbreaks each year with 450-500 cases resulting in death. (NCIRD) Since the disbursement of an effective vaccination‚ the measles has been almost eradicated in the United States; however it is
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what’s the difference between a bacteria and a virus. A bacterium is one of the three living domains of life. It is a prokaryote which means it does not house a nucleus or membrane-bounded organelles. However‚ it does have a nucleoid region where the DNA is stored. It can be said that bacteria is more like us because they can share their DNA with one another through conjugation and even pick up other DNA through transformation. On the other hand‚ a virus is not made up of cells. They are acellular.
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More commonly known “kennel cough” virus‚ it can be easily spread through contact at dog parks and grooming facilities. Bordetella bronchiseptica is a highly contagious bacterium causing a virus that affects a large number of dogs across all parts of the globe. Tracheobronchitis is brought on through bacteria that affect the dog’s upper respiratory system. After exposure‚ clinical signs of Bordetella bronchiseptica can been seen within 2-14 days with the virus lasting normally from 14-20 days. The
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