Eco-friendly Base Formulations Fluids for Lubricant Oil R.P.S.Bisht‚ Savita Kaul‚ P. Nagendramma‚ V.K. Bhatia‚ and A.K. Gupta Indian Institute of Petroleum‚ Dehradun‚ India Abstract There is an increasing move towards the use of environmentally safe lubricants. However‚ the development ofa common biodegradable base stock that could replace conventional ones is a big challenge. Synthetic lubricants‚ whether synthetic hydrocarbons‚ organic esters‚ or others‚ all have problems associated with their
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for n-Butanol† Comparative exergy analysis of direct alcohol fuel cells using fuel mixtures Performance and fuel conversion efficiency of a spark ignition engine fueled with iso-butanol Performance of direct alcohol fuel cells fed with mixed methanol/ethanol solutions Bio-ethanol – the fuel of tomorrow from the residues of today Web of science: The effect of different alcohol fuels on the performance‚ emission and combustion characteristics of a gasoline engine Combustion efficiency
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Hybrid Cars Versus Conventional Cars Frank J. DiMauro ENVS 664-660 November 25th‚ 2008 Richard W. Berman 1 Hybrids‚ Hybrids Everywhere... As Americans become increasingly more concerned about global warming‚ many are making choices about the vehicles they drive based on fuel economy and tail pipe emissions. Hybrid sales have increased 313% from 84‚199 cars in 2004‚ to 347‚102 in 2007. Driving a hybrid might make people feel better for helping the environment‚ but is it really better for our planet
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REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE This investigatory project aims to make use of rambutan peeling extracts that is high in phenolic compounds such as tannin and saponin that exhibits antioxidant activity and antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. Although the seeds contain such compounds the peeling exhibit greater amount of the said compounds. Rambutan is a very popular fruit cultivated in the Philippines and it is eaten in large amounts. The rambutans rind is quickly discarded and
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pipeline and associated facilities. On 16 October 2007 Alaska Department of Environmental Conservation officials reported a toxic spill of methanol at the Prudhoe Bay oil field managed by BP. Nearly 2‚000 gallons of mostly methanol‚ mixed with some crude oil and water‚ spilled onto a frozen tundra pond as well as a gravel pad from a pipeline. Methanol‚ which is poisonous to plants and animals‚ is used to clear ice from the insides of the Arctic-based pipelines. 2010 Deepwater Horizon
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methyl red indicator is added. | Pink solution is observed | Mannitol is dissolved in water and methyl red indicator is added. | Pink solution is observed | Both solution is added together | The colour of solution remain unchanged | A little methanol and concentrated sulphuric acid is added to boric acid‚ the solution is heated and the vapour evolved is ignited | The vapour evolved gave green flame when tested with ignited wooden splinter. | Calculation Relative molecular mass of borax =
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added bromine to alkenes. This caused an electrophilic halogenation reaction. If the bromine reacted with the alkene the bromine would discolor from orange and turn clear. Experiment Part A) Solubility of Alkanes: 1 mL of nine solvents (water‚ methanol‚ n-butanol‚ ethylene‚ glycol‚ acetone‚ hexane‚ toluene‚ ethyl acetate‚ and dichloromethane.) was added to nine sample vials. Each vial then had 0.5 mL of the alkane decalin added to each one. The mixtures were stirred to determine if the materials
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OBJECTIVE The purpose of this experiment is to analyze mixtures of compounds prior to‚ during and after a separation scheme. This experiment also allows monitoring reactions of organic molecules‚ and determines the identity of a mixture of compounds. STRUCTURES AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF REACTANTS [1] SOLVENTS | a. Hexane1Molecular Molarity: 86.18 g/molBoiling Point: 69 ºCMelting Point: -95ºCDensity: 0.659 g/mL at 25ºCWater Solubility: Insoluble in waterColor/Texture: Colorless/LiquidHazardous
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water. The bigger the number is‚ the higher the viscosity is and the harder it dissolves in water; the soluble glass with low module‚ there are many kinds of crystal composition and the cohesive force is poor‚ and when the module number improves‚ the colloid component increases and the cohesive force rises. Soluble glass solution can be mixed with water in any proportion. Different amount of water will lead to solutions of different density and viscosity. For the soluble glass solutions with the same
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Vol. 1 ACETIC ACID 115 ACETIC ACID 1. Introduction Acetic acid [64-19-7]‚ CH3COOH‚ is a corrosive organic acid having a sharp odor‚ burning taste‚ and pernicious blistering properties. It is found in ocean water‚ oilfield brines‚ rain‚ and at trace concentrations in many plant and animal liquids. It is central to all biological energy pathways. Fermentation of fruit and vegetable juices yields 2–12% acetic acid solutions‚ usually called vinegar (qv). Any sugar-containing sap or juice can
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