of earthquake hazards depends primarily on human factors (40) Plan: Intro –What is a hazard? - Human and Physical Factors – How to manage with events Main – Natural Hazards – Human Factors – Management – Case Studies –California 1994 –Gujarat 2001 –Indian Ocean Tsunami 2004 Earthquake Hazards occur when there are adverse effects on human activities. This can include surface faulting‚ ground shaking and liquefaction. In this essay I will be discussing the factors that affect earthquakes‚ whether
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EARTHQUAKE PERFORMANCE OF REINFOCED CONCRETE BUILDINGS: A CASE STUDY FROM MARMARA TURKEY Korkut Mirzai 08074260 Bachelor Science with Honors Degree in Construction Project Management. Oxford Brookes University. Department of the Built of Environment. March 2012 List of Abbreviations: RC: Reinforcement Concrete TR: Turkey UK: United Kingdom USA: United States of America EU: European Union MHI: Ministry of Housing and Infrastructure EQ: Earthquake Code EE: Earthquake Engineering TSE: Turkish
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A ‘hazard’ can be defined as a geophysical process operating within the lithosphere‚ atmosphere‚ hydrosphere or biosphere which could potentially lead to the loss of human life or property. However‚ an earthquake only becomes hazardous and therefore needs management if it occurs within close proximity to a vulnerable population. To some extent‚ any human settlement around the world situated close to or on top of an area of seismic activity is vulnerable. However‚ not all nations suffer equal devastation
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Discuss the view that the impact of earthquake hazards depends primarily on human factors (40 marks) Earthquakes are an example of seismic activity caused by the build-up of tension at the three types of plate boundaries: destructive‚ constructive and conservative. The pressure is suddenly released as the plates jerk past each other‚ sending out seismic waves from the focus that travel through different parts of the earth. The movement of convection currents within the Earth’s mantle causing the
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Identify and explain the risk factors for Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after Wenchuan earthquake. What are the possible resilient factors? Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a disorder that people get anxious after experiencing‚ witnessing a disastrous event. Normally when people feel dangerous about certain situation‚ they feel afraid and feared. It is natural for people to have a ‘fight-or-flight’ response and it is a healthy reaction that protects people from danger. However‚ people
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The Feasibility of Using Plastic and Glass to Produce an Earthquake Resistant and Fire Retardant Hollow Block Chapter 1 Introduction: Most people believed that plastics and glass are one of the main wastes every day‚ but they don’t know that these wastes may help lessen the damages of different catastrophes specifically earthquakes and fires through a hollow block that used in building infrastructures. What is the difference between a commercial cement block to a hollow block mainly composed
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Imagine that you are the Chief Executive of Hong Kong‚ what will you plan to do in order to reduce the health impact of earthquake? Among all natural disasters‚ earthquake has perhaps caused the highest death toll and financial loss. Being unpredictable and undetectable‚ alleviation as well as evacuation have become even more difficult. The Hanshin-Awaji earthquake in 1995 caused a property loss of over US$60 billion and a lost of more than US$100 billion in capital (Sawada‚ 2008‚ p.463)‚ whereas
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Author: JOSE EDGAR B BALITA‚ MD Type of Document: Unpublished Master’s Thesis Host Institution: Bicol University Graduate School Any form of disaster lurks in every corner of the National Capital Region. Be it natural or manmade‚ the office should react in the most positive manner to such an unpredictable circumstance with most decisive manner for firefighters are always in the forefront. The joint research conducted by the Japan International Cooperation agency (JICA)‚ Metro Manila Development
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Chapter 1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND Introduction The Philippines‚located just above the equator is visited by about nineteen typhoons a year. Six to nine of these typhoons make landfall. This natural calamity is unstoppable for more than a decade now which has claimed thousands of lives in the entire Philippine archipelago. The researcher has chosen the topic in order to assess the present capability of Barangay 725‚ Zone 79‚ District V‚ Manila to answer to the needs of the
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Shield Volcano: Volcanoes formed by viscous lava and have broad and flat sides. This happens due to the lava cooling slowly which lets it spread widely before cooling. Magma: Molten or partly molten rock underneath the Earth’s surface. Seismic Activity: Release of energy from the focus of an earthquake that spread outwards like waves. 2: Epicenter and focus: Epicenter is on the surface of the Earth and focus is below where the seismic activity starts. Earthquake and volcano: Earthquakes are tremors
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