Earthquake‚ shaking of the Earth’s surface caused by rapid movement of the Earth’s rocky outer layer. Earthquakes occur when energy stored within the Earth‚ usually in the form of strain in rocks‚ suddenly releases. This energy is transmitted to the surface of the Earth by earthquake waves. The destruction an earthquake causes depends on its magnitude and duration‚ or the amount of shaking that occurs. A structure’s design and the materials used in its construction also affect the amount of damage
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better understanding of both the mechanics of volcanoes and the dangers they present to the environment and communities. Did you know that volcanic ash is actually small glass particles? Or that the majority of volcanoes are submarine? Understanding some of these different facts can help us to understand the earth’s volcanic processes. Volcanoes erupt different materials and those can become different after cooling. Things like lava‚ gases
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There are many different reasons why the earth’s crust is moving. Some for example are the friction between two plates causing major earthquakes. Sometimes when this plates are pushed together they form fold mountains or ridges. Today we know that the continents are gradually moving apart. Therefore the there is new rocks created in between those areas. New volcanoes are created and new rocks are formed. Plate tectonics allow scientists to know about the earth’s centre. The oceanic plate slides
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restless quickly and earthquakes do occur. NASA also tested a robot named “Dante” at volcanoes in Alaska and Antarctica. The Lakes near volcanoes can become acidic enough to be dangerous to people(pH of water was tested initially. There was seismograph readings in the movie and the carbon dioxide can kill tress and wildlife. Unrealistic Points in the Movie The lava flows were too fluid when it should have been thick and slow moving. The temperature of hot springs near volcanoes changes more slowly
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other hand‚ Tsunamis can be caused by a few different factors‚ which are an earthquake‚ a large-scale undersea landslide‚ a submarine volcanic eruption (Cause of Tsunami‚ n.d.). Firstly‚ the vast majority of tsunamis results from the earthquake. The earth ’s surface is covered by the continents and sea floor which are parts of the world-wide system of plates that are in the very slow motion. An earthquake occurs where the edges of plates run into one another‚ which are called faults
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Renewable Energy Projects Cut down use of fossil fuels Small scale projects – solar panel‚ turbines Bio fuels More expensive than fossil fuels Tree Planting Acts as carbon sink Benefits not felt for at least 10 years Energy Efficient Most effective way Remodel factories – optimum use of energy Greener power stations Recycling Green transport – hybrid technology Rising temps More droughts Melting glaciers Water stress experienced by 40% of population Applied at all scales
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the coast of the Hawaii Island. It is 969 meters below the sea surface and 3‚500 meters above the ocean floor. 17. This new island is forming because the Pacific Plate is moving in a northwest direction‚ and as it moves toward the “hot spot”‚ new volcanoes will form‚ which makes Loihi the “new” volcano. 18. In Hawaiian‚ Loihi means long‚ which also describes the shape of this new island being long. It has two curving rift zones in both the north and the south summit‚ and has a caldera that is about
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all earthquakes‚ most volcanoes‚ occur where lithospheric plates are interacting 2) Main mineral and hydrocarbon resources occur in specific tectonic settings 3) Plate tectonic processes happening at depth responsible for occurrences at Earth’s surface: size and shape of oceans‚ nature and distribution of landforms‚ general climatic conditions of each of Earth’s regions Plate Boundaries - map of epicenter of significant earthquake‚ M > 3.5 - active boundaries marked by zones of earthquakes and
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mantle . mantle: ]. The crust is made up of tectonic plates [tectonic plates: Large areas of the Earth’s crust that move slowly on the upper part of the mantle‚ often colliding and moving away from each other. ]‚ which are in constant motion. Earthquakes and volcanoes are most likely to occur at plate boundaries. 1.1 The structure of the Earth The Earth is made up of four distinct layers: 1. The inner core is in the centre and is the hottest part of the Earth. It is solid and made up of iron and
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plate so‚ as they move together‚ the oceanic plate is forced underneath the continental plate. The point at which this happens is called the subduction zone. As the oceanic plate is forced below the continental plate it melts to form magma and earthquakes are triggered. The magma collects to form a magma chamber. This magma then
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