LAVA CAVES Lava caves (or Lava tubes) are created when lava‚ emitted from the vent area‚ spreads in the path of least resistance. The outer layers of the lava harden‚ while the interior forms horizontal conduits that channel the advance of the flow. I was able to stoop through these conduits in amazement. CINDER/SCORIA CONES Cinder cones are simple volcanoes which have a bowl-shaped crater at the summit and rarely rise more than a thousand feet above their surroundings. They usually are created
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ZXCSACZXC\XCZCZXCZ\XCZXCXZC\ZCCZXDuring a volcanic eruption‚ lava‚ tephra (ash‚ lapilli‚ volcanic bombs and blocks)‚ and various gases are expelled from a volcanic vent or fissure. Several types of volcanic eruptions have been distinguished by volcanologists. These are often named after famous volcanoes where that type of behavior has been observed. Some volcanoes may exhibit only one characteristic type of eruption during a period of activity‚ while others may display an entire sequence of types
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Minerals Eight most abundant elements in the Earth’s Crust: Abundance % by weight – Most common Ionic Form Most Common Coordination Numbers Relative Ionic Size Oxygen (O) 46.6 % O-2 - - - 1.40 Silicon (Si) 27.7 % Si+4 Si (4) 0.26 Aluminum (Al) 8.1 % Al+3 Al (4‚ or 6) 0.39 Iron (Fe) 5.0 % Fe+2 Fe (6) 0.63 Calcium (Ca) 3.6 % Ca+2 Ca (8) 1.00 Sodium (Na) 2.8 % Na+1 Na (8) 0.99 Potassium (K) 2.6 % K+1 K (8‚ 12) 1.37 Magnesium (Mg) 2.1 % Mg+2 - - - 0.72 Distinction between crystalline and non-crystalline
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Mount Vesuvius is one of the most notoriously recognized volcanic eruptions known to man to date. As our text states‚ “this famous volcano erupted in the year 79 AD‚ ejecting a huge cauliflower-shaped cloud of ash and debris that rapidly settled to the Earth (Strahler 436).” After doing some outside research on this magnificent volcanic landform‚ I found quite a few things: “Mount Vesuvius is located in Italy‚ near the areas of the Tyrrhenian Sea and the capital of Italy. The volcano also buried
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Devils Tower: Offensive or Historic? Devils Tower is 867-foot-tall butte located in the northeastern corner of Wyoming. The enormous wonder of nature is believed to be roughly 50 million years old. The tower became the United States’ first national monument on September 24‚1906 during the Theodore Roosevelt Administration. Recently‚ spiritual leaders of the Lakota‚ the Cheyenne‚ and several other Native American tribes of the plains‚ because of their strong spiritual ties to the monument‚ have
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Scientist Ben Kennedy begun a very lengthy quest to solve the mystery of the shrinking pumice. This quest would eventually change the way scientists think about volcanoes-forever. One of the things (out of many) that he and his colleagues found out while on the road was that not only the rock was shrinking‚ the pores that make up the rock were shrinking as well. They think that this was due to the heating of the rock‚ and the molten rock’s surface tension. What the scientist found was how some volcanoes
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Did you know Mt. Vesuvius erupted more than 50 times? It erupted in 79A.D. In about 25 hours‚ it wipes our entire town. Mt. Vesuvius is unique as a volcano because of its activity level‚ the remains of Pompeii and its lessons frozen in history. Firstly‚ Mt Vesuvius is unique as a volcano because of its activity level. Its last serious eruption was in 1944. It’s one of the only active volcanos on the mainland of Europe. It’s considered one of the most dangerous volcanoes in world due to the
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Nearly six hundred and fifty thousand years ago a massive volcano in the western part of North America blew its top in a super-eruption. This tremendous eruption spewed deadly toxins‚ ash and debris into the in huge billowy plumes. Its dust and grime traveled nearly two hundred and fifty miles coving a good portion of the United States. The force of this massive volcano’s explosion was so powerful‚ that it collapsed in upon itself. This was known as the Lava Creek eruption and formed what we now
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To what extent can preparedness and planning mitigate the effects of volcanic hazards? (40 marks) A volcanic hazard is a situation that poses a threat to life‚ the environment‚ and infrastructure after a volcanic eruption. Volcanoes are formed at various plate boundaries‚ such as at mid oceanic ridges where plates are moving apart‚ for example at the Mid Atlantic ridge. They also occur on or near subduction zones. The ‘ring of fire’ tends to be where the most violent volcanic activity occurs.
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The Yellowstone volcano has been a growing concern for many Americans over the years. Especially after the eruption of the Mount St. Helen’s volcano in the 80’s. Rumors of a catastrophic explosion have caught the attention of everyone from the media to newspapers who try to sell the fear of an imminent explosion and the extreme damage that could possibly happen. However‚ the truth is just the opposite. In actuality‚ these fears are almost always unfounded‚ and usually arise from the the rumors of
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