with a change in voltage. Transformers work only with a varying electric current‚ such as alternating current (AC). Transformers are important in the distribution of electric power. They raise the voltage of the electricity generated at a power plant to the high levels needed to transmit the electricity efficiently. Other transformers reduce the voltage at the locations where the electricity is used. Many household devices contain transformers to raise or lower house-current voltage as needed. Television
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given by voltage supply. This circuit will store the highest value or peak value of the given voltage or hold the last given peak voltage to the circuit from the voltage supplier. Peak detector converts the Ac voltage to DC voltage and reduces the disturbance. The function can be explained as follow. The capacitor stores the current peak voltage. If the input voltage is larger‚ the op-amp output goes positive until the capacitor is charged up to the new peak value. If the input voltage is smaller
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TRANSISTOR CE AMPLIFIER 43 10. COMMON COLLECTOR AMPLIFIER 48 11. RC COUPLED AMPLIFIER 53 12. COMMON SOURCE FET AMPLIFIER 58 13. WEIN BRIDGE OSCILLATOR 63 14. RC PHASE SHIFT OSCILLATOR 66 15. CURRENT-SERIES FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER 71 16. VOLTAGE-SERTES FEEDBACK AMPLIFIER 77 17. HARTLEY OSCILLATOR 83 18. COLPITT’S OSCILLATOR 87 19. SILICON-CONTROLLED RECTIFIER(SCR) CHARACTERISTICS 91 20. UJT CHARACTERISTICS 95 21. BRIDGE RECTIFER 99 1. P-N JUNCTION DIODE CHARACTERISTICS AIM:-To
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bogdan.kasztenny@indsys.ge.com GE Multilin‚ USA craig.wester@indsys.ge.com ABSTRACT Shunt capacitor banks are used to improve the quality of the electrical supply and the efficient operation of the power system. Studies show that a flat voltage profile on the system can significantly reduce line losses. Shunt capacitor banks are relatively inexpensive and can be easily installed anywhere on the network. This paper reviews principles of shunt capacitor bank design for substation installation
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energy applications high efficiency‚ high power‚ high voltage boost DC/DC converters are required as an integral interface between the available low voltage sources and the output loads‚ which operate at higher voltages. Examples are energy storage components such as batteries‚ and ultracapacitors which are used in the power trains of hybrid electric vehicles‚ electric vehicles‚ and fuel cell vehicles. In the modern power drive‚ the voltage levels of the energy storage devices are predominantly
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sinusoidal sources‚ (2) Use the oscilloscope to measure the phase difference between two sinusoidal signals‚ (3) Determine analytically the frequency response of a network‚ (4) Construct Bode plots relating the magnitude and phase response of the voltage ratio of a linear network as a function of frequency‚ and (5) Design primitive low- and high-pass filters using one resistor and one capacitor. 3.3 Theory 3.3.1 Sinusoidal Steady-State Analysis As stated previously‚ the steady-state behavior
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constant direction‚ and/or possessing a voltage with constant polarity. DC is the kind of electricity made by a battery (with definite positive and negative terminals)‚ or the kind of charge generated by rubbing certain types of materials against each other. As useful and as easy to understand as DC is‚ it is not the only “kind” of electricity in use. Certain sources of electricity (most notably‚ rotary electro-mechanical generators) naturally produce voltages alternating in polarity‚ reversing positive
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investigated. A ±15volts voltage is supplied to the op-amp. The 15volts also the working ranges for the op-amp. There are two basic op-amp circuit‚ inverting and non-inverting amplifier. For an ideal op-amp‚ the voltage gain of the circuit is the function of ratio of resistor. There are also other configuration investigated like the buffer amplifier which has the same input and output voltage and the summing amplifier. When a capacitor is connected as a feedback element‚ the output voltage is the integral
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INTRODUCTION A lightning arrester is a device used on electrical power systems and telecommunications systems to protect the insulation and conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning. The typical lightning arrester has a high-voltage terminal and a ground terminal. When a lightning surge (or switching surge‚ which is very similar) travels along the power line to the arrester‚ the current from the surge is diverted through the arrestor‚ in most cases to earth. In telegraphy and telephony
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Voltmeter Ammeter Component List: | 1x PIC16F876A - Programmed microcontroller 1x 2x16 LCD with Green or Blue Backlight 1x High quality PCB with red solder mask and plated through holes 1x 4MHz Resonator 1x LM7805 5V Voltage Regulator 1x 16x1 Gold Plated Female Header (PCB) 1x 16x1 Gold Plated Male Header (LCD) 1x 4x1 Gold Plated Male Header (LCD) 1x 100nF Ceramic Capacitor 1x 10K LCD Contrast Trimmer Potentiometer 1x 4x10K Network Resistor 2x 100K 1% Metal Film Resistor (brown
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