terminal has positive voltage and no gate voltage is applied‚ the first and the third junction are forward biased and the second junction is turned reverse biased allowing no current flow through the thyristor. A thyristor starts to conduct when the voltage across the anode and cathode (VAK) is increased beyond the thyristors breakdown voltage (VBO). This is due to the avalanche breakdown that occurs in the second junction of the thyristor. When a gate voltage is applied at the gate
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Chapter 33 Alternating Current Circuits Multiple Choice 1. An ac generator with peak voltage 100 volts is placed across a 10-Ω resistor. What is the average power dissipated? a. 100 W b. 150 W c. 500 W d. 1000 W e. 2000 W 2. An electric heater draws an average power of 1100 Watts when plugged into a 110 V-rms outlet. Calculate the resistance of the heater and the rms current. a. 11Ω‚ 10 A (rms) b. 110Ω‚ 10 A (rms) c. 10Ω‚ 11 A (rms) d. 10Ω‚ 110 A (rms) e. 0.09Ω‚ 11 A (rms)
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high voltage side) and secondary (winding 2 or low-voltage side) components. Figure 1 – Approximate Equivalent Circuit of a Transformer Figure 2 – Approximate Equivalent Circuit of a Transformer Figure 3 – Exact equivalent circuit of a Transformer in phasor form Experiments # 2 & 3 [1] During the open-circuit test‚ the transformer rated voltage is applied to the low voltage side of the transformer with the high-voltage side as shown in Figure 6. Since the high-voltage side is
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to improve transient stability of the six bus system. Here active and reactive power on load bus of the system considered has been determined under L-L-L-G fault conditions. UPFC has been connected to the system and its effects on power flow and voltage profile of test system has been determined with various line data and bus data for six buses‚ three lines power system and simulation model by using simulation toolbox has been developed. In this work a versatile model is presented for UPFC inherent
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input voltage deteriorates the power factor. On the other hand‚ since the proposed converter can operate as the forward and flyback converters during switch on and off periods‚ respectively‚ it cannot only perform the power transfer during an entire switching period but also achieve the high power factor due to the flyback operation. Moreover‚ since the current balanced capacitor can minimize the offset current through the transformer magnetizing inductor regardless of the AC input voltage‚ the core
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valuable due to its inherently high switching speed. On the other hand‚ MOSFETs have a higher on state resistance per unit area and consequently higher on state loss. This is particularly true for higher voltage devices (greater than about 500 volts) which restricted the use of MOSFETs to low voltage high frequency circuits (eg. SMPS). With the discovery that power MOSFETs were not in a strong position to displace the BJT‚ many researches began to look at the possibility of combining these technologies
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FM Modulator and Demodulator Nor Ayu Hidayah Binti Mohd Safri (31743) Department of Electronic Engineering (Computer) Universiti Malaysia Sarawak‚ Malaysia Kuching‚ Sarawak‚ Malaysia Email : nor_ayu92@yahoo.com Abstract This paper presents about FM modulator and Abstractdemodulator.In electronic and telecommunication‚ modulation process of varying one or more properties of a high frequency periodic waveform ‚ called carrier signal with a modulating signal which typically contain information to
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OHM’S LAW INTRODUCTION Ohm’s law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference or voltage across the two points‚ and inversely proportional to the resistance between them provided the temperature remains constant. The mathematical equation that describes this relationship is: where V is the potential difference measured across the resistance in units of volts; I is the current through the resistance in units of amperes and
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circuit consisting of a voltage source VTH in series with a resistance RTH where * VTH is the open-circuit voltage at the terminals‚ and * RTH is the equivalent resistance seen thru the terminals provided that all the independent sources are turned off. Finding VTH: Determining the output voltage Vab in open-circuit condition (no load resistor meaning infinite resistance). This is known as the Thevenin voltage VTH. * i.e. VTH = Vab = VOC (open-circuit voltage) Finding RTH: There
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type of voltage and current fluctuations and power factor correction in a power distribution network‚ such that improved power quality can be made available at the point of common coupling. In This paper presents a comprehensive review on the unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) to enhance the electric power quality at distribution levels. This is intended to present a broad overview on the different possible UPQC system configurations. Keywords : power quality (PQ)‚ harmonics‚ voltage sag‚
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