Adjustable capacitance Inductor / Coil Symbols Inductor Coil / solenoid that generates magnetic field Iron Core Inductor Includes iron Variable Inductor Power Supply Symbols Voltage Source Generates constant voltage Current Source Generates constant current. AC Voltage Source AC voltage source Generator Electrical
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transform voltage from high to low‚ or the reverse‚ or perform any of several other important functions. Electric power may flow through several substations between generating plant and consumer‚ and its voltage may change in several steps. Substations may be owned and operated by a transmission or generation electrical utility‚ or may be owned by a large industrial or commercial customer. A substation may include transformers to change voltage levels between high transmission voltages and lower
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experiment is to test the predictions for current‚ voltage and resistance of the relationships of parallel and series circuits. The procedures strive to prove that the theoretical outcomes are consistent with the corresponding measured results. After setting up the closed circuits we want to test our own results into the equations and conclude if they are true. In the same circuit‚ there are specific equations that show how current‚ resistance and voltage behave. The equations or predictions differ
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DTMF BASED HOME APPLIANCE CONTROL SUBMITTED BY ABSTRACT Traditionally electrical appliances in a home are controlled via switches that regulate the electricity to these devices. As the world gets more and more technologically advanced‚ we find new technology coming in deeper and deeper into our personal lives even at home. Home automation is becoming more and more popular around the world and is becoming a common practice. The process of home automation works by making everything in the house
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propose a dual-stage energy harvesting circuit composed of a seven-stage and ten-stage design‚ the former being more receptive in the low input power regions‚ while the latter is more suitable for higher power range. Each stage here is a modified voltage multiplier‚ arranged in series and our design provides guidelines on component choice and precise selection of the crossover operational point for these two stages between the high (20 dBm) and low power ( 20 dBm) extremities. Second‚ we fabricate
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soft-switching boost converter with a magnetically coupled resonant snubber is presented in this paper. The passive snubber circuit‚ which is composed of two diodes‚ two capacitors‚ and one coupled inductor‚ ensures a zero current turn-on and zero voltage turn-off conditions for the power switch‚ and alleviates the reverse-recovery problem for the output diode. Moreover‚ with the proper design of the snubber circuit‚ the power switch and output diode can be softly switched in a wide load range. The
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Analysis‚” IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery‚ vol. 6‚ no. 4‚ pp. 1671–81‚ October 1991. Comfort‚ R.‚ Gonzalez‚ M.‚ Mansoor‚ A.‚ Barker‚ P. P.‚ Short‚ T. A.‚ and Sundaram‚ A.‚ “Power Quality Impact of Distributed Generation: Effect on Steady State Voltage Regulation‚” PQA Conference‚ 2001. EEI‚ Distributed Resources Task Force Interconnection Study‚ Edison Electric Institute‚ 2000 (SQRA) Modeling for Optimizing Power System Configurations for the Digital Economy‚ Electric Power Research Institute‚ Palo
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carrier frequency is higher ‚ and we noticed that bandwidth is just twice of the highest frequency of modulating signal. and the signal will be easily demodulated at the receiver end. WHAT IS RPS? INTRODUCTION There are several ways to convert an AC voltage at a wall receptacle into
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CONTENTS CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2. Synopsis 3. Block Diagram 4. Block Diagram Description 5. Circuit diagram 6. Circuit description 7. Component details 8. Working of project 9. Fabrication of PCB 10. Application 11. Future development 12. Cost estimation 13. Conclusion 14. Bibliography INTRODUCTION Introduction: The automation is now carried on not only industries but also houses. The automation of a particular system avoids
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at 25°C is about 1 kilo-ohm. Op-amp A1 essentially works as I to V (current-to-voltage) converter and converts temperature variations into voltage variations. To amplify the change in voltage due to change in temperature‚ instrumentation amplifier formed by op-amps A2‚ A3 and A4 is used. Resistor R2 and zener diode D1 combination is used for generating reference voltage as we want to amplify only change in voltage due to the change in temperature. Op-amp µA741 (IC2) works as a comparator. One
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