Behavior is the result of associations formed between behavior and positive and negative consequences‚ or the associations formed between a stimulus and a response. • Behaviorism is based on objective and concrete observations of behavior. Lev Vygotsky • Social interaction and participation in cultural activities are necessary for healthy development‚ • and children learn through relationships with adults by communicating‚ playing‚ and socializing. • Children learn by going a step further than
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(1977). Educational Psychology: An Introduction. Dubuque Iowa: Wm. C. Brown Company Publishers Czikszentmihalyi‚ M Gagne‚ Robert‚ M. and Briggs‚ Leslie‚ J.. (1974). Principles of Instructional Design. New York: Holt‚ Rinehart and Winston Inc. Gardner‚ Howard (1993). Multiple Intelligences: The Theory in Practice. New York: BasicBooks‚ a division of HarperCollins Publishers. McLellan‚ Hilary. (1996). Being Digital: Implications for Education. Educational Technology On Purpose Associates (1998a)
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students learn in order for them to be able to teach them effectively. Without this knowledge the teacher would be ineffective in passing on the knowledge to their students and thus the teacher doesn’t fulfil their part of the relationship. Howard Gardner‚ in 1983‚ came to the conclusion that learning could be broken down into eight different ways. These include Visual/Spatial‚ Verbal/Linguistic‚ Logical/Mathematical‚ Bodily/Kinesthetic‚ Musical/Rhythmic‚ Interpersonal‚ and Intrapersonal. Clausen-May
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Course code: PYC 4807 Assignment no: 03 Section A Question: write an essay providing a critical discussion of psychological assessment in early childhood assessment‚ incorporating the findings from your practical task in section B to illustrate the theoretical principles discussed. Introduction The aim of this essay is to discuss psychological assessment in early childhood assessment under the following sub-topics: the rational for assessment of young children‚ factors to be taken into consideration
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For the past few weeks I have been volunteering for Mrs. Seutter’s first grade class at Pine Meadow Elementary. There are twenty-two students in her class‚ and their ages range from six to seven. I volunteer every Monday through Friday‚ except Wednesdays‚ from 8:30 in the morning to 9:50 a.m. During that time the first graders get all settled in. When I first arrive they are usually reading‚ working on an assignment that the teacher gives them‚ writing down their addresses‚ or talking to the teacher
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the field of the physiology of animal behavior and on the development of social relationships‚ particularly imprinting. Imprinting‚ form of learning when young animals/babies for an attachment to the first moving object they see and hear. Lev Vygotsky: Sociocultural Theory- suggests that social interaction leads to continuous step-by-step changes in children’s thought and behavior that can vary greatly from culture to culture. Zone of Proximal Development- concept that a child accomplishes a
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than those of others involved in the educational process‚ such as teachers and administrators. Learning theories and theorists (This approach is influenced): Lev Vygotsky: Social Constructivism (Social learning Process) John Dewey: Experience and Education (Learning by doing) Jerome Bruner: Discovery learning Howard Gardner: Multiple intelligence Neuroscience:Brain-based education Key Features: The children learn by themselves to analyse a problem to develop strategies to mobilise
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period for the learners to gleam because they’re at the epicenter of learning. Teachers have the obligation to pin point the learners that are “at risk” and struggling and from there produce strategies that enhance the discovering to be a success. . (Vygotsky‚ 1978‚ p.57) The subsequent aspect of Vygotsky’s theory is the believed that the possible for cognitive progress is manipulated to a "zone of proximal development" (ZPD). This "zone" is the span of discovery for that the student is cognitively coordinated
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The last theorist to be discussed is Gardner. His 7 theories were based upon his belief that children develop multiple intelligences‚ each progressing the child differently. These are 1- Linguistic. The capability in which a child uses language and text 2- Logical-Mathematical. Centres around
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Child Development: Social and Emotional Development Child Development - Social and Emotional Development Introduction: As we grow older we change; these changes are most visible during infancy and childhood. From birth‚ babies grow larger and show noticeable development in both their social and intellectual competence. The study of age-related changes in human behaviour is referred to as developmental psychology. Child development refers to the psychological and biological changes that
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