Journal of Accounting and Economics 31 (2001) 105–231 Capital markets research in accounting$ S.P. Kothari* Sloan School of Management‚ Massachusetts Institute of Technology‚ Cambridge‚ MA 02142‚ USA Received 22 November 1999; received in revised form 8 March 2001 Abstract I review empirical research on the relation between capital markets and financial statements. The principal sources of demand for capital markets research in accounting are fundamental analysis and valuation‚ tests of market
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Capital Project “A capital expenditure is a commitment of resources that is expected to provide benefits during a reasonably long period‚ at least two or more years” (Cleverly & Cameron‚ 2007‚ p. 397). Sometimes it can be difficult to determine the difference between a capital expenditure and a routine expense. A capital expenditure improves the value of the asset‚ whereas a routine expense is used for maintenance of that asset. For example‚ installation of a new bathroom in a
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3 : Literature Review in Capital Budgeting Studies 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Literature Review : Foreign Studies 3.3 Literature Review : Indian Studies 3.4 Conclusion 92 Chapter 3 : Literature Review in Capital Budgeting Studies 3.1 Introduction: A number of researchers in finance and accounting have examined corporate capital budgeting practices. Many of these articles survey corporate managers and report the frequency with which various evaluation methods‚ such
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morally correct to deprive a human being of life. There are several aspect of capital punishment that has changed throughout history‚ including the popularity of the death penalty‚ the type of crimes punishable by death and the method of execution. Capital punishment‚ or the death penalty‚ is the execution of a convicted criminal by the state as punishment for a particular crime/s—known as capital crimes. These capital crimes include murder‚ treason‚ rape and some types of fraudulent engagements
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1.1. Definition of intellectual capital and a brief history of IC management Before someone can measure something‚ he/she has to know what to count. So how should intellectual capital be defined? A universally accepted definition is the first step toward standardization‚ but still it is hard to find the best one for "intellectual capital". In this section I ’ll define intellectual capital and study the history of its development. Intellectual capital is knowledge that can be exploited for
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Question 1 Introduction Wal-Mart is which started from a humble store in Ozarks is now one of the largest corporations in the America. The success of Wal-Mart is mainly due to its core competences. Core competences are valuable‚ rare‚ costly to imitate and non-substitutable. Before identifying core competencies of Wal-Mart the resources and capabilities must be identified. Tangible Resources 1) Financial Resources Wal-Mart has the ability to generate internal funds. This is evident in Exhibit
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Capital Budgeting Read Chaptes 7‚8 & 9 Problems from Chapter 7 : 1 to 28 Chapter 8 : 1 to 23 Chapter 9 : 1 to 24 1. NET PRESENT VALUE A. The Basic Idea Net present value—the difference between the market value of an investment and its cost. While estimating cost is usually straightforward‚ finding the market value of assets can be tricky. The principle is to find the market price of comparables or substitutes. Perspectives: Using the text example (page 257)‚ the basic idea
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Report on Capital Budgeting Abstract This report deals with • The nature of capital investment appraisal • The techniques available for evaluating capital investments • The limitations of these techniques • The capital budgeting practices in select countries Introduction: Some of the major responsibilities of top management are in the area of long range planning. Allocating resources to competing uses is one of the most important decisions a manager has to make. Executives are constantly
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1. WHAT IS CAPITAL FORMATION? ITS ROLE IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Capital formation is one of the major factors in economic development. It is the increase in the stock of both material and human capital by making available a part of society’s currently available resources. Capital formation results when some proportion of society’s present income is saved and invested in order to increase material as well as human capital. The meaning of capital formation is that socitey does not apply to the needs
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Paid in Capital vs. Earned Capital Earned capital and paid in capital are two important items for investors. Earned capital comes from any profits the operation gathers. Paid in capital is the amount of investment a shareholder has contributed to the business for use (Business Finance‚ 2008). The following paragraphs will contribute a more detailed definition of what these two components are used for and why they are important. This essay will also touch on diluted earnings per share and basic
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