Erik Erikson’s theory consists of nine stages of psychosocial development: trust vs mistrust‚ autonomy vs shame and doubt‚ initiative vs guilt‚ industry vs inferiority‚ identity vs identity confusion‚ intimacy vs isolation‚ generativity vs stagnation‚ integrity vs despair‚ and last but not least‚ hope and faith vs despair. The developmental periods range from birth to very old age. The first stage of Erikson’s theory is trust versus mistrust. The purpose of this stage is to build a sense of hope
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and financial resources in such a manner that would result in the best combination in reducing various costs. Utilizing the various factors of production properly to increase their efficacy to a great extent. This is obtained by reducing spoilage‚ wastages and breakages
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isolation which occurs during young adulthood. After the child establishes their identity‚ they are able to establish intimate relationships with others. The next stage is generativity versus stagnation‚ which the primary task is contributing to society and helping to guide future generations (Ormrod‚ 2013). Stagnation occurs when people are not able to contribute to society and are not productive members of society. The final stage in Erikson’s Eight Stages of Psychosocial Development is intimacy versus
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control: Cost information helps in reviewing budget for future. After approval and execution of budget‚ cost of information act as feedbacks to budgets. With the help of cost information‚ managers can control and reduce the cost and can also avoid wastage. Performance measurement: this purpose is related with the measuring of program efficiency‚ effectiveness and program results. In performance measurement‚ measuring cost is an integral part to measure efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Efficiency
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the company and get the results they are looking for. Lack of proper procedure will make them believe that the Kaizen costing is not give benefit to them as well as not the best practice. Lastly‚ too much suggestion may lead to confusion and time wastage. The key component of Kaizen costing is the identification of flaws in the system or areas in which a system can be improved. Kaizen costing is based on frequent small tweaks to cut costs and the managers need to micro-manage process. That will lead
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AGRARIAN REVOLUTION *INTRODUCTION: The term Agrarian revolution implies the great changes that took place in Agricultural methods of England during the second half of the seventeenth century and the first half of the eighteenth century. In the course of this revolution: 1. The open field system disappeared 2. The rotation of crops was introduced 3. Scientific methods were applied to Agriculture 4. There was a series of new inventions and discoveries. This
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The third stage of Erikson’s stages of development is initiative versus guilt. Erikson does not break away from Freud’s theory. During this stage‚ Erikson’s acknowledges the Oedipal factors exists‚ but expands to include the impact of social factors. This third stages occurs during the ages of three to six years. Initiative is an attempt to imitate their same sex parents through observation and imaginative play (Fleming‚ 2004). Children develop a sense of guilt when they feel in competition with
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Elizabeth Reszke PSY-210-101 September Case Study Three Case Study Three: Application Questions: 1. What is Bob’s attitude according to Jungian theory? Provide evidence for your answer. Bob’s an extravert. Bob seeks enjoyment and pleasure by helping others. In Jung’s point of view‚ Bob seeks pleasure and enjoyment from outside objects (objects being people)‚ not from the subject (subject being one’s self). This can be seen in the case study when Bob states how he enjoys helping
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The task in this stage is contributing to society and others through multiple methods and finding your purpose in this world. If an individual failed at this task‚ they undergo stagnation and begin to become disconnected with society and apathetic to “productivity and self- improvement” (296). His own needs matter before anyone else’s. In perspective‚ the man realized that certain opportunities were passed by‚ and he has not contributed
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the quality of the products. Cost control decreases the cost of the products. Therefore‚ the organisation can supply good quality products at lower prices. This increases the goodwill of the organisation. 2. Control minimises Wastage Control helps to reduce the wastage of human‚ material and financial resources. This increases the profits of the organisation. 3. Control ensures optimum utilisation of resources Control helps the organisation to make optimum utilisation of the available
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