is change and the other is waste”. No one can stop these things‚ but with better management we can prepare our lives. In here one crucial environmental issue is associated with municipal solid waste(MSW). Proper MSW management is important for city public health. Waste are solid or semi-solid that are unwanted or unusable
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Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Waste Management 28 (2008) 459–467 www.elsevier.com/locate/wasman Municipal solid waste management in Indian cities Review Municipal solid waste management in Indian cities – A review Mufeed Sharholy a‚ Kafeel Ahmad a a‚* ‚ Gauhar Mahmood a‚ R.C. Trivedi b Department of Civil Engineering‚ Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University)‚ Jamia Nagar‚ New Delhi-110025‚ India b Central Pollution Control Board‚ Paryavaran Bhawan‚ East Arjun Nagar
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1. Where does the Madoff fraud fit into the ACFE taxonomy of occupational fraud and abuse: asset misappropriation‚ corruption or fraudulent financial statements? Which specific type(s) of fraud does it exemplify? (Primary author: Yeseul Jeong) Madoff was one of the biggest and most trusted firm in Nasdaq traded stocks. Many people trusted his firm and made investments to it. Madoff’s firm was called “BMIS”: “Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities LLC” (Gregoriou‚ and Lhabitant 89). Madoff made
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Introduction: According to figures from the US Coalition Against Insurance Fraud‚ the cost of claims fraud in the US alone in 1995 amounted to US$ 85.3 billion‚ which equates to a cost of US$ 326.47 for each American citizen. Research by the Rand Institute for Civil Justice in the US revealed that over one third of people injured in vehicle accidents exaggerated their symptoms‚ which adds US$ 13-16 billion to the annual US insurance bill. Figures from the pan-European trade association‚ the Comité
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Consumer Fraud Yolanda Garnett Wilmington University Consumer Fraud Introduction Consumer fraud is a purposeful‚ unlawful act that deceives‚ manipulates‚ or provides false statements to damage others. Fraud is described in the dictionary as “deceit‚ trickery‚ sharp practice‚ or breach of confidence‚ perpetrated for profit or to gain some unfair or dishonest advantage (fraud). Consumer fraud is usually associated with a person or group of people manipulating something to deceive others
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Bank fraud is a crime that has been around as long as banks themselves. Anytime there is a large amount of money floating around‚ there are going to be people trying to figure out ways to get to it. In the United States‚ and most other developed countries‚ bank fraud is a serious problem that causes billions of dollars in damages every year‚ and is considered a federal offense. In China bank fraud is even punishable by death. Bank fraud is defined as attempting to wrongfully take money or property
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topic of tax fraud. We will begin by introducing the basic concepts of tax fraud. Secondly‚ this paper will also delve into some of the laws that have been passed as punishment for those parties that decide to commit tax fraud. We will also highlight some of the more current examples of tax fraud that have been committed and the details that lead to the perpetrators being caught. Lastly we will discuss the role that criminal investigators have in the realm of tax fraud. Tax fraud can be stated
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commit fraud because of financial pressures‚ vices‚ or because of work-related pressures. As well‚ perpetrators of fraud can be motivated by a perceived opportunity to commit fraud and the ability to rationalize that what they are doing is not wrong. Their motivations are usually combined into the fraud triangle of perceived pressure‚ perceived opportunity‚ and rationalization. 3. The fraud triangle includes three elements that almost always must be present in order for someone to commit fraud: a
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for billions of dollars lost. Still‚ the U.S. government says the Rigases ’ case is one of the worst ever of financial fraud” (para. 3). Adelphia scandal consisted of six members‚ John Rigas‚ Timothy Rigas‚ Michae; Rigas‚ James Rigas‚ James R. Brown and Michael Mulcahey. These members of the scandal committed many crimes based on selfishness‚ greed‚ and power. Their management of Adelphia costs billions of dollars to investor and destroyed the corporation. According to Yukl (2006) “Decision processes
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more basic concepts in fraud deterrence and detection is the fraud triangle. The fraud triangle is also known as Cressey’s Triangle‚ or Cressey’s Fraud Triangle. Cressey’s Fraud Triangle gets its name from Donald Cressey. Cressey was one of the “nations leading experts on the sociology of crime”. He authored a few books including Other People’s Money‚ Theft of the Nation‚ and co-authored Principles of Criminology with Edwin H. Sutherland. Cressey is honored by many anti-fraud organizations‚ including
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